Product: IL10 Antibody
Catalog: DF6894
Description: Rabbit polyclonal antibody to IL10
Application: WB IHC IF/ICC
Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat
Prediction: Pig, Bovine, Horse, Sheep, Rabbit, Dog, Xenopus
Mol.Wt.: 19kDa; 21kD(Calculated).
Uniprot: P22301
RRID: AB_2838853

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 100ul $280 In stock
 200ul $350 In stock

Lead Time: Same day delivery

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Product Info

Source:
Rabbit
Application:
WB 1:500-1:2000, IHC 1:50-1:200, IF/ICC 1:100-1:500
*The optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user.
*Tips:

WB: For western blot detection of denatured protein samples. IHC: For immunohistochemical detection of paraffin sections (IHC-p) or frozen sections (IHC-f) of tissue samples. IF/ICC: For immunofluorescence detection of cell samples. ELISA(peptide): For ELISA detection of antigenic peptide.

Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Prediction:
Pig(83%), Bovine(100%), Horse(100%), Sheep(100%), Rabbit(89%), Dog(100%), Xenopus(89%)
Clonality:
Polyclonal
Specificity:
IL10 Antibody detects endogenous levels of total IL10.
RRID:
AB_2838853
Cite Format: Affinity Biosciences Cat# DF6894, RRID:AB_2838853.
Conjugate:
Unconjugated.
Purification:
The antiserum was purified by peptide affinity chromatography using SulfoLink™ Coupling Resin (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
Storage:
Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol. Store at -20 °C. Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.
Alias:

Fold/Unfold

CSIF; Cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor; GVHDS; IL 10; IL-10; IL10; IL10_HUMAN; IL10A; Interleukin 10; Interleukin-10; MGC126450; MGC126451; T-cell growth inhibitory factor; TGIF;

Immunogens

Immunogen:
Uniprot:
Gene(ID):
Expression:
P22301 IL10_HUMAN:

Produced by a variety of cell lines, including T-cells, macrophages, mast cells and other cell types.

Description:
IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that is produced by T cells, NK cells and macrophages (1,2). IL-10 initiates signal transduction by binding to a cell surface receptor complex consisting of IL-10 RI and IL-10 RII (1). Binding of IL-10 leads to the activation of Jak1 and Tyk2, which phosphorylates Stat-3 (1,3). The anti-inflammatory activity of IL-10 is due to its ability to block signaling through other cytokine receptors, notably IFNγ receptor, by upregulating expression of SOCS-1 (1,3). In addition, IL-10 promotes T cell tolerance by inhibiting tyrosine phosphorylation of CD28 (4,5). IL-10 is an important negative regulator of the immune response, which allows for maintenance of pregnancy (1). In contrast, increased IL-10 levels contribute to persistent Leishmania major infections (6).
Sequence:
MHSSALLCCLVLLTGVRASPGQGTQSENSCTHFPGNLPNMLRDLRDAFSRVKTFFQMKDQLDNLLLKESLLEDFKGYLGCQALSEMIQFYLEEVMPQAENQDPDIKAHVNSLGENLKTLRLRLRRCHRFLPCENKSKAVEQVKNAFNKLQEKGIYKAMSEFDIFINYIEAYMTMKIRN

Predictions

Predictions:

Score>80(red) has high confidence and is suggested to be used for WB detection. *The prediction model is mainly based on the alignment of immunogen sequences, the results are for reference only, not as the basis of quality assurance.

Species
Results
Score
Horse
100
Bovine
100
Sheep
100
Dog
100
Xenopus
89
Rabbit
89
Pig
83
Chicken
75
Zebrafish
0
Model Confidence:
High(score>80) Medium(80>score>50) Low(score<50) No confidence

Research Backgrounds

Function:

Major immune regulatory cytokine that acts on many cells of the immune system where it has profound anti-inflammatory functions, limiting excessive tissue disruption caused by inflammation. Mechanistically, IL10 binds to its heterotetrameric receptor comprising IL10RA and IL10RB leading to JAK1 and STAT2-mediated phosphorylation of STAT3. In turn, STAT3 translocates to the nucleus where it drives expression of anti-inflammatory mediators. Targets antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and monocytes and inhibits their release of pro-inflammatory cytokines including granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor /GM-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor/G-CSF, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha. Interferes also with antigen presentation by reducing the expression of MHC-class II and co-stimulatory molecules, thereby inhibiting their ability to induce T cell activation. In addition, controls the inflammatory response of macrophages by reprogramming essential metabolic pathways including mTOR signaling (By similarity).

Subcellular Location:

Secreted.

Extracellular region or secreted Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion Manual annotation Automatic computational assertionSubcellular location
Tissue Specificity:

Produced by a variety of cell lines, including T-cells, macrophages, mast cells and other cell types.

Subunit Structure:

Homodimer. Interacts with IL10RA and IL10RB.

Family&Domains:

Belongs to the IL-10 family.

Research Fields

· Environmental Information Processing > Signaling molecules and interaction > Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction.   (View pathway)

· Environmental Information Processing > Signal transduction > FoxO signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Environmental Information Processing > Signal transduction > Jak-STAT signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Bacterial > Pertussis.

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Parasitic > Leishmaniasis.

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Parasitic > Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis).

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Parasitic > African trypanosomiasis.

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Parasitic > Malaria.

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Parasitic > Toxoplasmosis.

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Parasitic > Amoebiasis.

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Bacterial > Staphylococcus aureus infection.

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Bacterial > Tuberculosis.

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Viral > Epstein-Barr virus infection.

· Human Diseases > Immune diseases > Asthma.

· Human Diseases > Immune diseases > Autoimmune thyroid disease.

· Human Diseases > Immune diseases > Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

· Human Diseases > Immune diseases > Systemic lupus erythematosus.

· Human Diseases > Immune diseases > Allograft rejection.

· Organismal Systems > Immune system > T cell receptor signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Immune system > Intestinal immune network for IgA production.   (View pathway)

References

1). Ding T et al. An in situ tissue engineering scaffold with growth factors combining angiogenesis and osteoimmunomodulatory functions for advanced periodontal bone regeneration. JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2021 Aug 17;19(1):247. (PubMed: 34404409) [IF=10.2]

2). Chen XJ et al. A novel lymphatic pattern promotes metastasis of cervical cancer in a hypoxic tumour-associated macrophage-dependent manner. ANGIOGENESIS 2021 Jan 23. (PubMed: 33484377) [IF=9.8]

Application: IHC    Species: Mice    Sample: tumours

Fig. 3 IL-10 derived from hypoxic TAMs is required to maintain LVEM. a The different cytokines expression profiles among M0-N, M0-H, TAM-N and TAM-H were analysed by cytokine array (RayBio GSM-CAA-4000). b Screening and analysis of the differentially expressed cytokines. c The expressions of the five significant cytokines were analysed by qRT-PCR. d The secretions of the five significant cytokines were analysed by ELISA. e The migration effects of hypoxic TAMs-treated HDLECs on tumour cells (SiHa) and M2-polarized THP-1 macrophages were analysed by transwell assay in vitro. “Blank” represents the medium group. f Representative micrographs showing the tube formation in vitro (Scale bar, 50 μm). g Representative images showing the tube formation in vivo (Scale bar, 100 μm). h Statistical analysis showing the length of tube formation. Average length of tubes per field were calculated. i–l Popliteal lymphatic metastasis model was established in female C57BL/6 mice by inoculating the footpad with TC-1 cells (5 × 106). When footpad tumour size reached 50 mm3, IL-10 (50 ng/ml) or PBS was then injected into the centre of the tumours (n = 5/group, repeated twice) for 2 weeks daily. After 2 weeks of induction, primary tumours reached a comparable size of ~ 150 mm3, and then footpad tumours and popliteal LNs were collected for study. i Representative images of LYVE-1+ lymphatic vessel (red), CD206+ TAMs (green) and DAPI (blue) fluorescence staining in footpad tumour. j Metastasis-positive LNs were identified by IHC staining for epithelial marker CK7. k Statistical analysis showing the expression of peritumoural LV and LVEM in footpad tumour. l Statistical analysis showing the ratio of LNM. Error bars represent the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. **P < 0.01

3). Hu J et al. Effects of Xin-Ji-Er-Kang on heart failure induced by myocardial infarction: Role of inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. PHYTOMEDICINE 2018 Mar 15;42:245-257 (PubMed: 29655692) [IF=7.9]

Application: WB    Species: mouse    Sample: serum and cardiac

Fig. 10: |Effects of XJEK on protein expression in MI mice with WB method(A-C) Representative figures of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 protein. (D-F) Quantitative analyses of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 protein. (mean ± S.D, n = 3).

4). Yan S et al. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Overexpressing ACE2 Favorably Ameliorate LPS-Induced Inflammatory Injury in Mammary Epithelial Cells. Frontiers in Immunology 2022 Jan 14;12:796744. (PubMed: 35095873) [IF=7.3]

Application: WB    Species: Mice    Sample: EpH4-Ev cells

Figure 7 MSC-ACE2 upregulates IL-10/STAT3/SOCS3 signaling pathway expression to suppress LPS-induced inflammation in EpH4-Ev cells. (A) Detection of relative protein expression levels of IL-10, phosphorylation levels of STAT3, STAT3 and SOCS3 by Western blot; (B–D), Statistics of the IL-10, phosphorylation levels of STAT3, STAT3 and SOCS3 Western blot results. Experiments were repeated three times and data were presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 4). * P < 0.05 vs. EpH4-Ev; # P < 0.05 vs. LPS; $ P < 0.05 vs. MSC; & P < 0.05 vs. MSC-GFP.

5). Tao HC et al. CD47 Deficiency in Mice Exacerbates Chronic Fatty Diet-Induced Steatohepatitis Through Its Role in Regulating Hepatic Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism. Frontiers in Immunology 2020 Feb 25;11:148 (PubMed: 32158445) [IF=7.3]

Application: IHC    Species: mouse    Sample: Liver

Figure S2. |Liver sections were IHC stained for TGF-β (a), IL-6 (b) and IL-10 (c). Three samples per group were examined, and representative images are shown (Scale bar represents 50 µm).

6). Tan H et al. The Programmed Cell Death Ligand-1/Programmed Cell Death-1 Pathway Mediates Pregnancy-Induced Analgesia via Regulating Spinal Inflammatory Cytokines. ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA 2021 Sep 14;133(5):1321-1330. (PubMed: 34524124) [IF=5.7]

Application: WB    Species: Mouse    Sample: RAW264.7 cells

Figure 5. ARR downregulates the protein expression of TRAF6 and NF-κB p65 by increasing the content of NLRC3 protein molecules. (A) Expression levels of NLRC3, TRAF6 and NF-κB p65 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells were detected using immunohistochemistry staining (magnification, ×400; scale bar, 200-µm). The mean optical density values of (B) NLRC3, (C) TRAF6 and (D) NF-κB p65 were quantified using ImageJ software. The protein expression levels of (E) NLRC3 and (F) TRAF6 were detected using western blotting and semi-quantified using Image Lab software. LPS represents protein from the 100 ng/ml LPS-treated group; Indo represents protein from the 8 µg/ml Indo and 100 ng/ml LPS-treated group; ARR represents protein from the 100 µg/ml ARR and 100 ng/ml LPS-treated group. Data are presented as the mean ± SD (n=3). ##P<0.01 vs. control group; *P<0.05, **P<0.01 vs. LPS group. ARR, α-rhamnrtin-3-α-rhamnoside; TRAF6, tumor necrosis factor-associated factor 6; NLRC3, NOD-like receptor family CARD domain containing 3; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; Indo, indomethacin.

7). Zhao T et al. Folic acid attenuates glial activation in neonatal mice and improves adult mood disorders through epigenetic regulation. Frontiers in Pharmacology 2022 Feb 7;13:818423. (PubMed: 35197855) [IF=5.6]

8). Zhou Y et al. Bmal1 Regulates Macrophage Polarize Through Glycolytic Pathway in Alcoholic Liver Disease. Frontiers in Pharmacology 2021 Mar 10;12:640521. (PubMed: 33790796) [IF=5.6]

Application: WB    Species: Mice    Sample: liver tissue

FIGURE 2 Phenotypic characteristics of macrophages in EtOH-fed mice liver tissue and ethanol-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. (A) Effects of ethanol on protein and mRNA levels of M1 macrophage markers (TNF-α, IL-1β) in liver tissue. (B) The protein and mRNA levels of M2 macrophage markers (IL-10, ARG-1) in liver tissue. (C) Immunofluorescence staining results of M1, M2 macrophage markers (CD86, CD206) in liver tissue of EtOH-fed mice. (D) The protein and mRNA levels of M1 macrophage (TNF-α, IL-1β) in ethanol-induced RAW264.7 cells. (E) The protein and mRNA levels of M2 macrophage markers (IL-10, ARG-1) in ethanol-induced RAW264.7 cells. The results are shown as relative expression against control expression without treatment. Data shown are the mean ± SD from three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 vs. CD-fed group or control group.

9). Wu X et al. Protective effects of tauroursodeoxycholic acid on lipopolysaccharide-induced cognitive impairment and neurotoxicity in mice. International Immunopharmacology 2019 Apr 12;72:166-175 (PubMed: 30986644) [IF=5.6]

Application: WB    Species: mouse    Sample: hippocampus

Fig. 4. |TUDCA treatment suppressed LPS-activated NF-κB signaling and the production of proinflammatory cytokines. (A) Representative immunoblots of the nuclear NF-κB p65 in the hippocampus was shown, and Histone H3 was used as a loading control. (B) Representative immunoblots of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 in the hippocampus, and β-actin protein was used here as an internal control.

10). Yan S et al. Wu-Mei-Wan Ameliorates Murine Ulcerative Colitis by Regulating Macrophage Polarization. Frontiers in Pharmacology 2022 Mar 21;13:859167. (PubMed: 35387334) [IF=5.6]

Application: WB    Species: mouse    Sample: colon

FIGURE 5 | WMW reduces colonic inflammatory responses in DSS-induced colitis. (B) Relative mRNA level of IL10, Arg-1, and TGF-β1in the colon was measured through qPCR. Expression of IL-10, Arg-1, and TGF-β1 in colon tissue lysates were determined by Western blot from DSS-challenged mice. n = 3,.means ± SEM.*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.

Application: IF/ICC    Species: mouse    Sample: colitis

FIGURE 6 | The proportion of M1/M2 macrophages changes in colon sections obtained from mice with ulcerative colitis induced by DSS (A) Double immunofluorescent signals from CD80 and interleukin-1 in DSS-induced colitis tissue at different time points (original magnification, 200 ×). (B) Double immunofluorescent signals from CD206 and interleukin-10 in DSS-induced colitis tissue at different time points (original magnification, 200 ×).

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