TLR3 Antibody - #DF6415

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Product: TLR3 Antibody
Catalog: DF6415
Description: Rabbit polyclonal antibody to TLR3
Application: WB IHC
Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat
Prediction: Bovine, Horse, Sheep, Rabbit
Mol.Wt.: 99kDa,130kd(Glycosylation); 104kD(Calculated).
Uniprot: O15455
RRID: AB_2838378

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 100ul $280 In stock
 200ul $350 In stock

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Related Downloads
MS Report
HPLC Report
MSDS
Data Sheet
COA
Protocols
WB Handbook
IHC Protocol
IF/ICC Protocol

Product Info

Source:
Rabbit
Application:
WB 1:500-1:2000, IHC 1:50-1:200
*The optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user.
*Tips:

WB: For western blot detection of denatured protein samples. IHC: For immunohistochemical detection of paraffin sections (IHC-p) or frozen sections (IHC-f) of tissue samples. IF/ICC: For immunofluorescence detection of cell samples. ELISA(peptide): For ELISA detection of antigenic peptide.

Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Prediction:
Bovine(100%), Horse(100%), Sheep(100%), Rabbit(86%)
Clonality:
Polyclonal
Specificity:
TLR3 Antibody detects endogenous levels of total TLR3.
RRID:
AB_2838378
Cite Format: Affinity Biosciences Cat# DF6415, RRID:AB_2838378.
Conjugate:
Unconjugated.
Purification:
The antiserum was purified by peptide affinity chromatography using SulfoLink™ Coupling Resin (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
Storage:
Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol. Store at -20 °C. Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.
Alias:

Fold/Unfold

CD283; CD283 antigen; IIAE2; TLR 3; Tlr3; TLR3_HUMAN; Toll Like Receptor 3; Toll-like receptor 3;

Immunogens

Immunogen:
Uniprot:

O15455(TLR3_HUMAN) >>Visit HPA database.

Gene(ID):
TLR3(7098)
Expression:
O15455 TLR3_HUMAN:

Expressed at high level in placenta and pancreas. Also detected in CD11c+ immature dendritic cells. Only expressed in dendritic cells and not in other leukocytes, including monocyte precursors. TLR3 is the TLR that is expressed most strongly in the brain, especially in astrocytes, glia, and neurons.

Description:
Members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, named for the closely related Toll receptor in Drosophila, play a pivotal role in innate immune responses (1-3). TLRs recognize conserved motifs found in various pathogens and mediate defense responses. Triggering of the TLR pathway leads to the activation of NF-κB and subsequent regulation of immune and inflammatory genes. The TLRs and members of the IL-1 receptor family share a conserved stretch of approximately 200 amino acids known as the TIR domain. Upon activation, TLRs associate with a number of cytoplasmic adaptor proteins containing TIR domains including MyD88 (myeloid differentiation factor), MAL/TIRAP (MyD88-adaptor-like/TIR-associated protein), TRIF (Toll-receptor-associated activator of interferon), and TRAM (Toll-receptor-associated molecule). This association leads to the recruitment and activation of IRAK1 and IRAK4, which form a complex with TRAF6 to activate TAK1 and IKK. Activation of IKK leads to the degradation of IκB that normally maintains NF-κB inactivity by sequestering it in the cytoplasm. TLR3 functions as a receptor for double-stranded (ds)RNA typically associated with viral infection (4). It was originally shown to be specifically expressed in dendritic cells of the leukocyte family (5). TLR3 has also been found in placenta and lung, and can be induced by LPS in a variety of tissues (4,6). TLR3 is predominantly localized to early endosomes (7,8). Binding of dsRNA, or the analog polyinosine-polycytidylic acid (pIpC), to TLR3 triggers activation of transcription factors NF-κB and IRF3 through the adaptor protein TICAM-1/TRIF (9,10). TRIF associates with members of the TRAF family and with RIP that combine to activate NF-κB and IRF3 (11-13).
Sequence:
MRQTLPCIYFWGGLLPFGMLCASSTTKCTVSHEVADCSHLKLTQVPDDLPTNITVLNLTHNQLRRLPAANFTRYSQLTSLDVGFNTISKLEPELCQKLPMLKVLNLQHNELSQLSDKTFAFCTNLTELHLMSNSIQKIKNNPFVKQKNLITLDLSHNGLSSTKLGTQVQLENLQELLLSNNKIQALKSEELDIFANSSLKKLELSSNQIKEFSPGCFHAIGRLFGLFLNNVQLGPSLTEKLCLELANTSIRNLSLSNSQLSTTSNTTFLGLKWTNLTMLDLSYNNLNVVGNDSFAWLPQLEYFFLEYNNIQHLFSHSLHGLFNVRYLNLKRSFTKQSISLASLPKIDDFSFQWLKCLEHLNMEDNDIPGIKSNMFTGLINLKYLSLSNSFTSLRTLTNETFVSLAHSPLHILNLTKNKISKIESDAFSWLGHLEVLDLGLNEIGQELTGQEWRGLENIFEIYLSYNKYLQLTRNSFALVPSLQRLMLRRVALKNVDSSPSPFQPLRNLTILDLSNNNIANINDDMLEGLEKLEILDLQHNNLARLWKHANPGGPIYFLKGLSHLHILNLESNGFDEIPVEVFKDLFELKIIDLGLNNLNTLPASVFNNQVSLKSLNLQKNLITSVEKKVFGPAFRNLTELDMRFNPFDCTCESIAWFVNWINETHTNIPELSSHYLCNTPPHYHGFPVRLFDTSSCKDSAPFELFFMINTSILLIFIFIVLLIHFEGWRISFYWNVSVHRVLGFKEIDRQTEQFEYAAYIIHAYKDKDWVWEHFSSMEKEDQSLKFCLEERDFEAGVFELEAIVNSIKRSRKIIFVITHHLLKDPLCKRFKVHHAVQQAIEQNLDSIILVFLEEIPDYKLNHALCLRRGMFKSHCILNWPVQKERIGAFRHKLQVALGSKNSVH

Predictions

Predictions:

Score>80(red) has high confidence and is suggested to be used for WB detection. *The prediction model is mainly based on the alignment of immunogen sequences, the results are for reference only, not as the basis of quality assurance.

Species
Results
Score
Horse
100
Bovine
100
Sheep
100
Rabbit
86
Pig
0
Dog
0
Xenopus
0
Zebrafish
0
Chicken
0
Model Confidence:
High(score>80) Medium(80>score>50) Low(score<50) No confidence

PTMs - O15455 As Substrate

Site PTM Type Enzyme
N52 N-Glycosylation
N57 N-Glycosylation
N70 N-Glycosylation
T72 Phosphorylation
N124 N-Glycosylation
N196 N-Glycosylation
S205 Phosphorylation
S206 Phosphorylation
N247 N-Glycosylation
N252 N-Glycosylation
N265 N-Glycosylation
N275 N-Glycosylation
N291 N-Glycosylation
S350 Phosphorylation
Y383 Phosphorylation
T391 Phosphorylation
S392 Phosphorylation
N398 N-Glycosylation
N413 N-Glycosylation
N507 N-Glycosylation
N636 N-Glycosylation
Y759 Phosphorylation P12931 (SRC)
T818 Phosphorylation
Y858 Phosphorylation P00533 (EGFR)

Research Backgrounds

Function:

Key component of innate and adaptive immunity. TLRs (Toll-like receptors) control host immune response against pathogens through recognition of molecular patterns specific to microorganisms. TLR3 is a nucleotide-sensing TLR which is activated by double-stranded RNA, a sign of viral infection. Acts via the adapter TRIF/TICAM1, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, IRF3 nuclear translocation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response.

PTMs:

Heavily N-glycosylated, except on that part of the surface of the ectodomain that is involved in ligand binding.

TLR3 signaling requires a proteolytic cleavage mediated by cathepsins CTSB and CTSH, the cleavage occurs between amino acids 252 and 346. The cleaved form of TLR3 is the predominant form found in endosomes.

Subcellular Location:

Endoplasmic reticulum membrane>Single-pass type I membrane protein. Endosome membrane. Early endosome.

Extracellular region or secreted Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion Manual annotation Automatic computational assertionSubcellular location
Tissue Specificity:

Expressed at high level in placenta and pancreas. Also detected in CD11c+ immature dendritic cells. Only expressed in dendritic cells and not in other leukocytes, including monocyte precursors. TLR3 is the TLR that is expressed most strongly in the brain, especially in astrocytes, glia, and neurons.

Subunit Structure:

Monomer and homodimer; dimerization is triggered by ligand-binding, the signaling unit is composed of one ds-RNA of around 40 bp and two TLR3 molecules, and lateral clustering of signaling units along the length of the ds-RNA ligand is required for TLR3 signal transduction. Interacts (via transmembrane domain) with UNC93B1; the interaction is required for transport from the ER to the endosomes. Interacts with SRC; upon binding of double-stranded RNA. Interacts with TICAM1 (via the TIR domain) in response to poly(I:C) and this interaction is enhanced in the presence of WDFY1. The tyrosine-phosphorylated form (via TIR domain) interacts with WDFY1 (via WD repeat 2) in response to poly(I:C).

Family&Domains:

ds-RNA binding is mediated by LRR 1 to 3, and LRR 17 to 18.

Belongs to the Toll-like receptor family.

Research Fields

· Cellular Processes > Cell growth and death > Necroptosis.   (View pathway)

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Viral > Hepatitis C.

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Viral > Hepatitis B.

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Viral > Influenza A.

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Viral > Human papillomavirus infection.

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Viral > Herpes simplex infection.

· Organismal Systems > Immune system > Toll-like receptor signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

References

1). Inhibition of murine herpesvirus-68 replication by IFN-gamma in macrophages is counteracted by the induction of SOCS1 expression. PLOS Pathogens (PubMed: 30075008) [IF=6.7]

Application: WB    Species: mouse    Sample: macrophages

Fig 6.| TLR3 mediates the MHV-68-induced SOCS1 production. (C) BMMs from Tlr3 -/- mice and wild type (WT) mice were infected MHV-68. At indicated hpi, cells were harvested to measure the SOCS1 mRNA levels by the RT-qPCR, and to measure the TLR3 and SOCS1 proteins levels by western blotting. qPCR data were expressed as fold change in mRNA level compared to that in uninfected WT cells.
2). Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid accelerates intestinal stem cell proliferation via modulating Myc expression. JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY (PubMed: 31559639) [IF=5.6]

Application: IF/ICC    Species: mouse    Sample: nuclei

FIGURE 7 | Poly(I:C) treatment activates Stat1 signaling pathway with increased expression of Myc and Axin2. (a) Jejunum was isolated and costained with TLR3 and Olfm4 antibodies. DAPI was used to stain nuclei (bar = 20 μm).
3). 25-HC decreases the sensitivity of human gastric cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil and promotes cells invasion via the TLR2/NF-κB signaling pathway. International Journal of Oncology (PubMed: 30664194) [IF=5.2]
4). Corilagin Interferes With Toll-Like Receptor 3-Mediated Immune Response in Herpes Simplex Encephalitis. Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience (PubMed: 31080403) [IF=4.8]

Application: WB    Species: mouse    Sample: brain

Figure 10.| The expression of TLR3 and its downstream molecules in brain tissues of mice with encephalitis. DMEM (20μL), PBS (20μL), poly(I:C) (5mg/kg, 20μL), and HSV-1 (10-4/20μL) were injected into the intracalvarium at the midpoint of the line from the right canthus to external auditory canal. After the model was established for 1 h, 5 mice in each group were intragastrically treated with normal saline (NS),Corilagin 40 mg/kg, ACV 350mg/kg each day. (A) The mRNA levels of TLR3 and its downstream molecules in brain tissues were detected by RT-PCR. (B) The protein levels of TLR3 and its downstream molecules in brain tissues were measured by western blotting.

Application: IHC    Species: mouse    Sample: right temporal lobe brain

Figure 9.| Corilagin reduces TLR3 protein expression in the brains of mice with encephalitis. The TLR3 protein levels in right temporal lobe brain tissue were analyzed by IHC (×400). DMEM (20μL), PBS (20μL), poly(I:C) (5mg/kg, 20μL), and HSV-1 (10-4/20μL) were injected into the intracalvarium at the midpoint of the line from the right canthus to external auditory canal. After the model was established for 1 h, 5 mice in each group were intragastrically treated with normal saline (NS),Corilagin 40 mg/kg, ACV 350mg/kg each day. The brain tissues were taken for immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis.
5). The intervention mechanism of emodin on TLR3 pathway in the process of central nervous system injury caused by herpes virus infection. NEUROLOGICAL RESEARCH (PubMed: 33274693) [IF=1.9]

Application: WB    Species: Mice    Sample: brain tissues

Figure 4. The protein expression of TLR3 and its downstream protein in brain tissues of mice.

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