Insulin Antibody - #AF5109

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Product: Insulin Antibody
Catalog: AF5109
Description: Rabbit polyclonal antibody to Insulin
Application: WB IHC IF/ICC
Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat
Prediction: Pig, Bovine, Sheep, Rabbit, Dog
Mol.Wt.: 11 kDa; 12kD(Calculated).
Uniprot: P01308
RRID: AB_2837595

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Related Downloads
MS Report
HPLC Report
MSDS
Data Sheet
COA
Protocols
WB Handbook
IHC Protocol
IF/ICC Protocol

Product Info

Source:
Rabbit
Application:
IHC 1:50-1:200, WB 1:500-1000, IF/ICC 1:100-1:500
*The optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user.
*Tips:

WB: For western blot detection of denatured protein samples. IHC: For immunohistochemical detection of paraffin sections (IHC-p) or frozen sections (IHC-f) of tissue samples. IF/ICC: For immunofluorescence detection of cell samples. ELISA(peptide): For ELISA detection of antigenic peptide.

Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Prediction:
Pig(90%), Bovine(80%), Sheep(80%), Rabbit(80%), Dog(80%)
Clonality:
Polyclonal
Specificity:
Insulin Antibody detects endogenous levels of total Insulin.
RRID:
AB_2837595
Cite Format: Affinity Biosciences Cat# AF5109, RRID:AB_2837595.
Conjugate:
Unconjugated.
Purification:
The antiserum was purified by peptide affinity chromatography using SulfoLink™ Coupling Resin (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
Storage:
Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol. Store at -20 °C. Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.
Alias:

Fold/Unfold

IDDM; IDDM1; IDDM2; ILPR; ins; INS_HUMAN; Insulin A chain; Insulin B chain; IRDN; MODY10; Preproinsulin; Proinsulin; Proinsulin precursor;

Immunogens

Immunogen:
Uniprot:

P01308(INS_HUMAN) >>Visit HPA database.

Gene(ID):
INS(3630)
Description:
Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver.
Sequence:
MALWMRLLPLLALLALWGPDPAAAFVNQHLCGSHLVEALYLVCGERGFFYTPKTRREAEDLQVGQVELGGGPGAGSLQPLALEGSLQKRGIVEQCCTSICSLYQLENYCN

Predictions

Predictions:

Score>80(red) has high confidence and is suggested to be used for WB detection. *The prediction model is mainly based on the alignment of immunogen sequences, the results are for reference only, not as the basis of quality assurance.

Species
Results
Score
Pig
90
Bovine
80
Sheep
80
Dog
80
Rabbit
80
Horse
70
Chicken
60
Xenopus
0
Zebrafish
0
Model Confidence:
High(score>80) Medium(80>score>50) Low(score<50) No confidence

PTMs - P01308 As Substrate

Site PTM Type Enzyme
S98 Phosphorylation
Y108 Phosphorylation

Research Backgrounds

Function:

Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver.

Subcellular Location:

Secreted.

Extracellular region or secreted Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion Manual annotation Automatic computational assertionSubcellular location
Subunit Structure:

Heterodimer of a B chain and an A chain linked by two disulfide bonds.

Family&Domains:

Belongs to the insulin family.

Research Fields

· Cellular Processes > Cell growth and death > Oocyte meiosis.   (View pathway)

· Cellular Processes > Transport and catabolism > Autophagy - animal.   (View pathway)

· Cellular Processes > Cell motility > Regulation of actin cytoskeleton.   (View pathway)

· Environmental Information Processing > Signal transduction > MAPK signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Environmental Information Processing > Signal transduction > Ras signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Environmental Information Processing > Signal transduction > Rap1 signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Environmental Information Processing > Signal transduction > cGMP-PKG signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Environmental Information Processing > Signal transduction > HIF-1 signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Environmental Information Processing > Signal transduction > FoxO signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Environmental Information Processing > Signal transduction > Phospholipase D signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Environmental Information Processing > Signal transduction > mTOR signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Environmental Information Processing > Signal transduction > PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Environmental Information Processing > Signal transduction > AMPK signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Human Diseases > Endocrine and metabolic diseases > Type II diabetes mellitus.

· Human Diseases > Endocrine and metabolic diseases > Insulin resistance.

· Human Diseases > Endocrine and metabolic diseases > Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

· Human Diseases > Endocrine and metabolic diseases > Type I diabetes mellitus.

· Human Diseases > Endocrine and metabolic diseases > Maturity onset diabetes of the young.

· Human Diseases > Cancers: Specific types > Prostate cancer.   (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Aging > Longevity regulating pathway.   (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Aging > Longevity regulating pathway - multiple species.   (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Endocrine system > Insulin signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Endocrine system > Insulin secretion.   (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Endocrine system > Ovarian steroidogenesis.

· Organismal Systems > Endocrine system > Progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation.

· Organismal Systems > Endocrine system > Prolactin signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Endocrine system > Regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes.

· Organismal Systems > Excretory system > Aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption.

References

1). Celastrol targets the ChREBP-TXNIP axis to ameliorates type 2 diabetes mellitus. Phytomedicine, 2023 (PubMed: 36603341) [IF=7.9]
2). Palmatine ameliorates high fat diet induced impaired glucose tolerance. Biological research, 2020 (PubMed: 32928312) [IF=6.7]

Application: IHC    Species: Rat    Sample:

Fig. 2 Effect of PAL on the insulin resistance and β-cell mass in high fat diet induced rats. aThe blood insulin levels of three groups. b The HOMA-IR in three groups. c The β cells mass in each group determined by immunohistochemical staining. Scale bar: 50 μm. d Quantification of the β cell mass. e Cell apoptosis in β cells determined by TUNEL/insulin immunofluorescent staining. Scale bar: 50 μm. f Quantification of TUNEL-postive β cells. Values are expressed as mean ± SD. n = 6. Compared with control group: #P 

Application: IF/ICC    Species: Rat    Sample:

Fig. 2 Effect of PAL on the insulin resistance and β-cell mass in high fat diet induced rats. aThe blood insulin levels of three groups. b The HOMA-IR in three groups. c The β cells mass in each group determined by immunohistochemical staining. Scale bar: 50 μm. d Quantification of the β cell mass. e Cell apoptosis in β cells determined by TUNEL/insulin immunofluorescent staining. Scale bar: 50 μm. f Quantification of TUNEL-postive β cells. Values are expressed as mean ± SD. n = 6. Compared with control group: #P 
3). Metformin inhibits MAPK signaling and rescues pancreatic aquaporin 7 expression to induce insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2021 (PubMed: 34303707) [IF=4.8]

Application: IF/ICC    Species: Rat    Sample: INS-1 cells

Figure 1 AQP7 expression in pancreatic islets. Double immunofluorescent staining for AQP7 in red and insulin (a marker of pancreatic β-cell) in green showed AQP7 was colocalized with insulin in yellow. Arrows show AQP7 detectable in pancreatic β-cell marker. Nuclei are labeled by DAPI in blue.A, bar graph shows a quantification of insulin fluorescence. B, bar graph shows a quantification of AQP7 fluorescence. Control group (Ctrl), untreated diabetic group (T2DM), 0.9% normal saline-treated diabetic group (T2DM+NS), low-dose (100 mg/kg) Met-treated diabetic group (T2DM+M1), middle-dose (300 mg/kg) Met-treated diabetic group (T2DM+M2), high-dose (500 mg/kg) Met-treated diabetic group (T2DM+M3). Results are expressed as Mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. Scale bars = 100 μm, #p < 0.05 versus Ctrl group; ∗p < 0.05 versus T2DM+NS group.
4). Cai's herbal tea enhances mitochondrial autophagy of type 1 diabetic mellitus β cells through the AMPK/mTOR pathway and alleviates inflammatory response. Acta diabetologica, 2024 (PubMed: 38954041) [IF=3.8]
5). Mechanism of ischemic brain injury repair by endothelial progenitor cell‑derived exosomes. Molecular Medicine Reports, 2022 (PubMed: 35775379) [IF=3.4]
6). Assessment of antidiabetic effect of 4-HIL in type 2 diabetic and healthy Sprague Dawley rats. HUMAN & EXPERIMENTAL TOXICOLOGY, 2022 (PubMed: 35072544) [IF=2.8]
7). Experimental Study on the Effect of Tibetan Medicine Triphala on the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Pancreatic Islet β Cells through Incretin-cAMP Signaling Pathway. BIOLOGICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN, 2020 (PubMed: 31813891) [IF=2.0]

Application: WB    Species: rat    Sample: pancreas

Fig. 4.| Western blot was used to detect the expression of related proteins in rat pancreas.(a) Compared with the model group, the high-dose group of THL can reduce the expression of TXNIP in pancreatic tissue of diabetic Wistar rats by STZ modeling (p<0.01). (b, d, e, f) Compared with the model group, THL can up-regulate the expression of GLP-1R, P-PKA, AKT and insulin in rat pancreatic tissues (p<0.01). (c) For PKA, compared with the model group, there was significant difference between the low dose THL group (p < 0. 05).

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