GFAP Antibody - #DF6040

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Product: GFAP Antibody
Catalog: DF6040
Description: Rabbit polyclonal antibody to GFAP
Application: WB IHC IF/ICC
Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat
Prediction: Bovine, Horse, Rabbit, Chicken
Mol.Wt.: 50kDa; 50kD(Calculated).
Uniprot: P14136
RRID: AB_2838012

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Related Downloads
MS Report
HPLC Report
MSDS
Data Sheet
COA
Protocols
WB Handbook
IHC Protocol
IF/ICC Protocol

Product Info

Source:
Rabbit
Application:
WB 1:500-1:2000, IHC 1:50-1:200, IF/ICC 1:500-1:1000
*The optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user.
*Tips:

WB: For western blot detection of denatured protein samples. IHC: For immunohistochemical detection of paraffin sections (IHC-p) or frozen sections (IHC-f) of tissue samples. IF/ICC: For immunofluorescence detection of cell samples. ELISA(peptide): For ELISA detection of antigenic peptide.

Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Prediction:
Bovine(100%), Horse(100%), Rabbit(100%), Chicken(100%)
Clonality:
Polyclonal
Specificity:
GFAP Antibody detects endogenous levels of total GFAP.
RRID:
AB_2838012
Cite Format: Affinity Biosciences Cat# DF6040, RRID:AB_2838012.
Conjugate:
Unconjugated.
Purification:
The antiserum was purified by peptide affinity chromatography using SulfoLink™ Coupling Resin (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
Storage:
Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol. Store at -20 °C. Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.
Alias:

Fold/Unfold

wu:fb34h11; ALXDRD; cb345; etID36982.3; FLJ42474; FLJ45472; GFAP; GFAP_HUMAN; gfapl; Glial fibrillary acidic protein; Intermediate filament protein; wu:fk42c12; xx:af506734; zgc:110485;

Immunogens

Immunogen:
Uniprot:

P14136(GFAP_HUMAN) >>Visit HPA database.

Gene(ID):
GFAP(2670)
Expression:
P14136 GFAP_HUMAN:

Expressed in cells lacking fibronectin.

Description:
The cytoskeleton consists of three types of cytosolic fibers: microfilaments (actin filaments), intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Major types of intermediate filaments are specifically expressed in particular cell types: cytokeratins in epithelial cells, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in glial cells, desmin in skeletal, visceral, and certain vascular smooth muscle cells, vimentin in cells of mesenchymal origin, and neurofilaments in neurons. GFAP and vimentin form intermediate filaments in astroglial cells and modulate their motility and shape (1). In particular, vimentin filaments are present at early developmental stages, while GFAP filaments are characteristic of differentiated and mature brain astrocytes. Thus, GFAP is commonly used as a marker for intracranial and intraspinal tumors arising from astrocytes (2). In addition, GFAP intermediate filaments are also present in non-myelin-forming Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (3).
Sequence:
MERRRITSAARRSYVSSGEMMVGGLAPGRRLGPGTRLSLARMPPPLPTRVDFSLAGALNAGFKETRASERAEMMELNDRFASYIEKVRFLEQQNKALAAELNQLRAKEPTKLADVYQAELRELRLRLDQLTANSARLEVERDNLAQDLATVRQKLQDETNLRLEAENNLAAYRQEADEATLARLDLERKIESLEEEIRFLRKIHEEEVRELQEQLARQQVHVELDVAKPDLTAALKEIRTQYEAMASSNMHEAEEWYRSKFADLTDAAARNAELLRQAKHEANDYRRQLQSLTCDLESLRGTNESLERQMREQEERHVREAASYQEALARLEEEGQSLKDEMARHLQEYQDLLNVKLALDIEIATYRKLLEGEENRITIPVQTFSNLQIRETSLDTKSVSEGHLKRNIVVKTVEMRDGEVIKESKQEHKDVM

Predictions

Predictions:

Score>80(red) has high confidence and is suggested to be used for WB detection. *The prediction model is mainly based on the alignment of immunogen sequences, the results are for reference only, not as the basis of quality assurance.

Species
Results
Score
Horse
100
Bovine
100
Chicken
100
Rabbit
100
Pig
0
Sheep
0
Dog
0
Xenopus
0
Zebrafish
0
Model Confidence:
High(score>80) Medium(80>score>50) Low(score<50) No confidence

PTMs - P14136 As Substrate

Site PTM Type Enzyme
T7 Phosphorylation Q96GD4 (AURKB) , P17612 (PRKACA) , Q13464 (ROCK1)
S8 Phosphorylation P17612 (PRKACA)
R11 Methylation
R12 Methylation
S13 Phosphorylation Q13464 (ROCK1) , P17612 (PRKACA) , Q96GD4 (AURKB)
Y14 Phosphorylation
S17 Phosphorylation
S38 Phosphorylation Q96GD4 (AURKB) , Q13464 (ROCK1) , P17612 (PRKACA)
K95 Acetylation
Y116 Phosphorylation
T131 Phosphorylation
T150 Phosphorylation
K154 Acetylation
Y172 Phosphorylation
K189 Acetylation
K228 Acetylation
T240 Phosphorylation
Y242 Phosphorylation
K260 Acetylation
S305 Phosphorylation
Y324 Phosphorylation
K339 Acetylation
Y349 Phosphorylation

Research Backgrounds

Function:

GFAP, a class-III intermediate filament, is a cell-specific marker that, during the development of the central nervous system, distinguishes astrocytes from other glial cells.

PTMs:

Phosphorylated by PKN1.

Subcellular Location:

Cytoplasm.
Note: Associated with intermediate filaments.

Extracellular region or secreted Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion Manual annotation Automatic computational assertionSubcellular location
Tissue Specificity:

Expressed in cells lacking fibronectin.

Subunit Structure:

Interacts with SYNM (By similarity). Isoform 3 interacts with PSEN1 (via N-terminus).

Family&Domains:

Belongs to the intermediate filament family.

Research Fields

· Environmental Information Processing > Signal transduction > Jak-STAT signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

References

1). Neurogenesis promoted by the CD200/CD200R signaling pathway following treadmill exercise enhances post-stroke functional recovery in rats. BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY (PubMed: 31513876) [IF=15.1]

Application: IF/ICC    Species: rat    Sample: astrocytes

Fig. 5.| The expression of CD200 and CD200R was up-regulated induced by treadmill exercise after stroke in rats.The effect of treadmill exercise on the protein levels of CD200 and CD200R in the ischemic cortex (A-C) and hippocampus (D-F) at 7 and 28 days after tMCAO. CD200R staining shows protein expression at 7 and 28 days after treadmill exercise post-stroke (G). CD200R colocalizes with activated microglia (Iba1+cells, white arrows), not colocalizes with neural stem cells (Nestin+ cells) and astrocytes (GFAP+ cells), Scale bar: 50 μm. N = 4. Results are showed as means ± SEM. # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01, ### P < 0.001 versus the Sham group. *P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 versus the tMCAO group.
2). Effects of hydrogen-rich saline in neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction in rat model of sepsis-associated encephalopathy. Journal of Translational Medicine (PubMed: 36435787) [IF=7.4]

Application: WB    Species: Rat    Sample:

Fig. 8 Effects of HRS treatment on protein expressions in septic rats 48 h after LPS challenge. A Representative images of protein expression levels by western blot analysis in each group. B–E Statistical representation of relative protein expressions of GFAP, IBA-1, BCL-2 and BAX; respectively. All data are presented as mean ± SD ****p < 0.0001, ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.005, *p < 0.05. HRS Hydrogen-rich saline, LPS Lipopolysaccharide, GFAP Glial fibrillary acidic protein, IBA-1 Ionised calcium binding adaptor molecule 1, BCL-2 B-cell lymphoma 2
3). Design, synthesis and bioactivity study of N-salicyloyl tryptamine derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of neuroinflammation. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (PubMed: 32182488) [IF=6.7]

Application: IF/ICC    Species: Mouse    Sample: BV2 and C6 cells

Fig. 4. Effects of compounds on GFAP and Iba-1 expression in the LPS-induced astrocytes (C6, treated with 10 mg/mL of LPS) and microglia (BV2, treated with 1 mg/mL of LPS). A. Representative fluorescence microscopy images of GFAP immunostaining (Magnification  20). B. Representative fluorescence microscopy images of Iba-1 immunostaining (Magnification  40). C. Histograms show relative changes of GFAP expressed as mean ± SD of the three independent experiments (n ¼ 3). Ctrl. ¼ Control, LPS ¼ Lipopolysaccharide (10 mg/mL); 3, 13, 16 ¼ treatments by compounds 3, 13, 16 (20 mM) along with LPS (10 mg/mL). D. Histograms show relative changes of Iba-1 expressed as mean ± SD of the three independent experiments (n ¼ 3). All the data were analyzed using Image Pro Plus and expressed as a percent of LPS group values (fluorescence intensity). (#) Significant difference (##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001) vs. control and (*) significant difference (*p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01) vs. LPS.
4). Chitosan oligosaccharides exert neuroprotective effects via modulating the PI3K/Akt/Bcl-2 pathway in a Parkinsonian model. Food & Function (PubMed: 35545086) [IF=6.1]
5). CTRP1 attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury via the PERK signaling pathway. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology (PubMed: 34422821) [IF=5.5]

Application: IF/ICC    Species: Rat    Sample: Brain

FIGURE 2 The location and expression of CTRP1 in the brain analyzed by immunofluorescence (n = 3). (A) The expression of CTRP1 in neuron in the cortex, NeuN was used to label neuron. CTRP1 expression was observed by fluorescence microscope and is shown by green fluorescence. NeuN expression is shown by red fluorescence. The nuclei were stained with DAPI and is shown by blue fluorescence. (B) The expression of CTRP1 in astroglia in the cortex. GFAP was used to label astroglia. CTRP1 expression is shown by red fluorescence. GFAP expression is shown by green fluorescence. (C) The expression of CTRP1 in microglia in the cortex. IBA1 was used to label microglia. CTRP1 expression is shown by green fluorescence. IBA1 expression is shown by red fluorescence. (D) The intensity of CTRP1 and NeuN in the cortex. The representative images were acquired under × 400 magnification, scale bars = 50 μm. ****p < 0.0001 vs. sham group.
6). Caveolin-1 aggravates neurological deficits by activating neuroinflammation following experimental intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. Experimental Neurology (PubMed: 37598879) [IF=5.3]
7). Erythropoietin-Induced Autophagy Protects Against Spinal Cord Injury and Improves Neurological Function via the Extracellular-Regulated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway. MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY (PubMed: 32647973) [IF=5.1]

Application: IF/ICC    Species: rat    Sample:

Fig. 6 |EPO benefit antiinflammation and axonal regeneration can be neutralized by ERK inhibition, and activator can mimic the effect of EPO. a The axonal special protein GAP43 immunofluorescence staining and histogram at 14 days (magnification × 400). b–e The inflammatory marker proteins immunofluorescence staining and histograms at 14 days, including CD86, GFAP, TNF-α, iNOS(magnification × 400). All data presented as mean ± SEM in each group. *p < 0.05 vs. SCI + saline group, **p < 0.01 vs. SCI + saline group. #p < 0.05 comparison between SCI + EPO group and SCI + EPO + PD98059, ##p < 0.01 comparison between SCI + EPO group and SCI + EPO + PD98059
8). CSE-Derived H2S Inhibits Reactive Astrocytes Proliferation and Promotes Neural Functional Recovery after Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice Via Inhibition of RhoA/ROCK2 Pathway. ACS Chemical Neuroscience (PubMed: 34252278) [IF=5.0]

Application: WB    Species: Mice    Sample: hippocampal tissues

Figure4.RoleofCSE-derivedH 2 SonexpressionsofMBP,GFAP,RhoA,andROCK 2 inthehippocampusofmice(westernblot)(mean±SEM,N= 3).(A)ThebandsofROCK 2 ,GFAP,RhoA,andMBP.TherelativeexpressionofROCK 2 (B),GFAP(C),MBP(D),andRhoA(E)overcontrol.**P <0.01vsKOShamgroup; # P<0.05, ## P<0.01vsWTshamgroup; Δ P<0.05, ΔΔ P<0.01vsKOcerebralI/R; ▲ P<0.05, ▲▲ P<0.01vsWTcerebral I/R.

Application: IF/ICC    Species: Mice    Sample: hippocampal tissues

Figure8.EffectsofNaHSandFasudilonthereactiveproliferationofastrocytesafter30dofacerebralI/R(mean±SEM,N=3).(A)Immunostaining forBrdU,GFAP,andcellsinthehippocampusofmiceat30daftercerebralI/R.Thearrowsindicatethepositivesignalsinsidecells.(B)Thenumbers of BrdU/GFAP colabeled cells in the hippocampus. **P < 0.01 vs Sham group; ## P < 0.01 vs Cerebral I/R group. Scale bar = 50 μm.
9). Hydrogen sulfide inhibits lipopolysaccharide-based neuroinflammation-induced astrocyte polarization after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. European Journal of Pharmacology (PubMed: 37084816) [IF=5.0]
10). Synaptic Plasticity of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiating into Neuron-like Cells In Vitro Induced by Edaravone. Stem Cells International (PubMed: 30510585) [IF=4.3]

Application: IHC    Species: human    Sample: neuron-like cells

Figure 5: |Immunohistochemical staining of neuron-like cells in treatment groups for NSE, nestin, and GFAP, respectively. The arrows in figures indicate neuron-like cells

Application: WB    Species: human    Sample: neuron-like cells

Figure 8:| (a) Result of Western blot. (b) Relative expression level of protein.
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