COX IV Antibody - #AF5468

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Product: COX IV Antibody
Catalog: AF5468
Description: Rabbit polyclonal antibody to COX IV
Application: WB IHC IF/ICC
Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat
Prediction: Pig, Zebrafish, Bovine, Horse, Sheep, Rabbit, Dog
Mol.Wt.: 17 kDa; 20kD(Calculated).
Uniprot: P13073
RRID: AB_2837951

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 100ul $280 In stock
 200ul $350 In stock

Lead Time: Same day delivery

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Related Downloads
MSDS
Data Sheet
COA
Protocols
WB Handbook
IHC Protocol
IF/ICC Protocol

Product Info

Source:
Rabbit
Application:
WB 1:500-1:2000, IHC 1:50-1:200, IF/ICC 1:100-1:500
*The optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user.
*Tips:

WB: For western blot detection of denatured protein samples. IHC: For immunohistochemical detection of paraffin sections (IHC-p) or frozen sections (IHC-f) of tissue samples. IF/ICC: For immunofluorescence detection of cell samples. ELISA(peptide): For ELISA detection of antigenic peptide.

Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Prediction:
Pig(91%), Zebrafish(82%), Bovine(100%), Horse(100%), Sheep(100%), Rabbit(91%), Dog(100%)
Clonality:
Polyclonal
Specificity:
COX IV Antibody detects endogenous levels of total COX IV.
RRID:
AB_2837951
Cite Format: Affinity Biosciences Cat# AF5468, RRID:AB_2837951.
Conjugate:
Unconjugated.
Purification:
The antiserum was purified by peptide affinity chromatography using SulfoLink™ Coupling Resin (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
Storage:
Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol. Store at -20 °C. Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.
Alias:

Fold/Unfold

AL024441; COX 4; COX IV 1; COX IV; COX IV-1; Cox4; COX41_HUMAN; Cox4a; COX4B; COX4I1; COX4I2; COX4L2; COXIV; Cytochrome c oxidase polypeptide IV; Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1 mitochondrial; Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial; Cytochrome C Oxidase subunit IV; Cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV isoform 1; Cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV isoform 2 (lung); Cytochrome c oxydase subunit 4; dJ857M17.2; MGC105470; MGC72016;

Immunogens

Immunogen:
Uniprot:

P13073(COX41_HUMAN) >>Visit HPA database.

Gene(ID):
COX4I1(1327)
Expression:
P13073 COX41_HUMAN:

Ubiquitous.

Description:
This antibody makes an effective loading control for mitochondria. COX IV is generally expressed at a consistent high level. However, be aware that many proteins run at the same 16kD size as COX IV - our VDAC1 / Porin antibody makes a good alternative mitochondrial loading control for proteins of this size.
Sequence:
MLATRVFSLVGKRAISTSVCVRAHESVVKSEDFSLPAYMDRRDHPLPEVAHVKHLSASQKALKEKEKASWSSLSMDEKVELYRIKFKESFAEMNRGSNEWKTVVGGAMFFIGFTALVIMWQKHYVYGPLPQSFDKEWVAKQTKRMLDMKVNPIQGLASKWDYEKNEWKK

Predictions

Predictions:

Score>80(red) has high confidence and is suggested to be used for WB detection. *The prediction model is mainly based on the alignment of immunogen sequences, the results are for reference only, not as the basis of quality assurance.

Species
Results
Score
Horse
100
Bovine
100
Sheep
100
Dog
100
Pig
91
Rabbit
91
Zebrafish
82
Xenopus
73
Chicken
0
Model Confidence:
High(score>80) Medium(80>score>50) Low(score<50) No confidence

PTMs - P13073 As Substrate

Site PTM Type Enzyme
K12 Methylation
S26 Phosphorylation
K29 Ubiquitination
S30 Phosphorylation
S34 Phosphorylation
Y38 Phosphorylation
K53 Acetylation
K53 Ubiquitination
S58 Phosphorylation
K60 Acetylation
K60 Ubiquitination
K63 Methylation
K67 Acetylation
S72 Phosphorylation
S74 Phosphorylation
K87 Acetylation
K87 Ubiquitination
S89 Phosphorylation
Y124 Phosphorylation
S132 Phosphorylation
K135 Acetylation
K135 Ubiquitination
K140 Ubiquitination
K149 Ubiquitination
S158 Phosphorylation
K159 Ubiquitination
K164 Acetylation
K164 Ubiquitination
K168 Acetylation

Research Backgrounds

Function:

Component of the cytochrome c oxidase, the last enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and the ATP synthase. Cytochrome c oxidase is the component of the respiratory chain that catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water. Electrons originating from reduced cytochrome c in the intermembrane space (IMS) are transferred via the dinuclear copper A center (CU(A)) of subunit 2 and heme A of subunbit 1 to the active site in subunit 1, a binuclear center (BNC) formed by heme A3 and copper B (CU(B)). The BNC reduces molecular oxygen to 2 water molecules using 4 electrons from cytochrome c in the IMS and 4 protons from the mitochondrial matrix.

Subcellular Location:

Mitochondrion inner membrane>Single-pass membrane protein.

Extracellular region or secreted Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion Manual annotation Automatic computational assertionSubcellular location
Tissue Specificity:

Ubiquitous.

Subunit Structure:

Component of the cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), a multisubunit enzyme composed of 14 subunits. The complex is composed of a catalytic core of 3 subunits MT-CO1, MT-CO2 and MT-CO3, encoded in the mitochondrial DNA, and 11 supernumerary subunits COX4I1 (or COX4I2), COX5A, COX5B, COX6A1 (or COX6A2), COX6B1 (or COX6B2), COX6C, COX7A2 (or COX7A1), COX7B, COX7C, COX8A and NDUFA4, which are encoded in the nuclear genome. The complex exists as a monomer or a dimer and forms supercomplexes (SCs) in the inner mitochondrial membrane with NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I, CI) and ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII), resulting in different assemblies (supercomplex SCI(1)III(2)IV(1) and megacomplex MCI(2)III(2)IV(2)). Interacts with AFG1L. Interacts with PHB2; the interaction decreases in absence of SPHK2 (By similarity).

Family&Domains:

Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase IV family.

Research Fields

· Human Diseases > Endocrine and metabolic diseases > Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

· Human Diseases > Neurodegenerative diseases > Alzheimer's disease.

· Human Diseases > Neurodegenerative diseases > Parkinson's disease.

· Human Diseases > Neurodegenerative diseases > Huntington's disease.

· Metabolism > Energy metabolism > Oxidative phosphorylation.

· Metabolism > Global and overview maps > Metabolic pathways.

· Organismal Systems > Circulatory system > Cardiac muscle contraction.   (View pathway)

References

1). mTOR pathway mediates endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced CD4+ T cell apoptosis in septic mice. APOPTOSIS, 2022 (PubMed: 35759162) [IF=7.2]

Application: WB    Species: Mice    Sample: CD4+ T cells

Fig. 6 Levels of IRE1α-related pro-apoptotic protein caspase-3 and anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2. Expression of pro-apoptotic protein caspase-3 and anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2 (A, B) in CD4+ T cells. Protein expression were determined by western blotting and showed as the relative expression values of COX-IV. COX-IV was used as a loading control to normalize protein levels. Data are shown as Mean ± SD (n = 3). Statistically significant differences were determined by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunn’s/Tukey’s test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ****P < 0.0001
2). The Ca2+/CaMKK2 axis mediates the telbivudine induced upregulation of creatine kinase: Implications for mechanism of antiviral nucleoside analogs' side effect. BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY, 2017 (PubMed: 29038020) [IF=5.8]

Application: WB    Species: human    Sample:

3). FGF21 attenuates pulmonary arterial hypertension via downregulation of miR‐130, which targets PPARγ. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 2022 (PubMed: 34989130) [IF=5.3]

Application: WB    Species: Mice    Sample:

FIGURE 4 MiR‐130 inhibits hypoxia‐induced PASMC apoptosis by regulating PPARγ expression. (A–C) Western blotting for Bax, Bcl‐2, cleaved caspase‐3, caspase‐3 and apoptosis‐inducing factor (AIF) expression in PASMCs in Nor, Hyp, Hyp+miR‐130 inhibitor and Hyp+miR‐130 inhibitor+siPPARγ groups, β‐actin was used as a loading control (n = 4). (D‐F) The expression levels of cytochrome c (Cyt C) in mitochondrial and cytosol pellets in PASMCs were examined by western blotting with antibodies against Cyt C with COX IV as a mitochondria marker and β‐actin as the internal control (n = 4). (G) The apoptosis index of PASMCs in each group was measured by TUNEL assay (n = 10) (×200; scale bars indicate 100 µm) and is shown as the ratio of TUNEL positive cells (red) to total cells (blue). Data are presented as the mean ± SD. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01
4). Hypoxia promotes the expression of Von Willebrand factor in breast cancer cells by up-regulating the transcription factor YY1 and down-regulating the hsa-miR-424. European Journal of Pharmacology, 2022 (PubMed: 36202224) [IF=5.0]
5). Elucidation of SIRT-1/PGC-1α-associated mitochondrial dysfunction and autophagy in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Lipids in Health and Disease, 2021 (PubMed: 33902605) [IF=4.5]

Application: WB    Species: Mice    Sample: liver tissues

Fig. 5 Effect of intervene in SIRT-1 and combine with OA on p62, Beclin-1, LC3B, SIRT-1, PGC-1a, MFN1, MFF and COX-IV protein expression in HepG2 cells. HepG2 cells were treated with 1.5 mM OA for 48 h, following T6 (2 μM) or CAY (20 μM) 2 h. a The p62, Beclin-1 and LC3B protein expression was detected by Western blotting. b The same method was used to detect the SIRT-1, PGC-1a, MFN1, MFF and COX-IV protein expression. The bands were normalized using GAPDH. The images were quantified with ImageJ. Data are presented as the mean ± SD; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 compared with CON group; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01 compared with OA group
6). Cr (VI)-induced overactive mitophagy contributes to mitochondrial loss and cytotoxicity in L02 hepatocytes. Biochemical Journal, 2020 (PubMed: 32597464) [IF=4.1]
7). Equisetin inhibits adiposity through AMPK-dependent regulation of brown adipocyte differentiation. Heliyon, 2024 (PubMed: 38327434) [IF=4.0]
8). Mechanism of Baihu Renshen decoction on T2DM rats based on mitochondrial autophagy mediated by PINK1/Parkin. , 2023

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