GRP78 Antibody - #AF5366

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Product: GRP78 Antibody
Catalog: AF5366
Description: Rabbit polyclonal antibody to GRP78
Application: WB IHC IF/ICC
Cited expt.: WB, IHC
Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat, Monkey
Prediction: Rabbit, Chicken
Mol.Wt.: 60~100 kDa; 72kD(Calculated).
Uniprot: P11021
RRID: AB_2837851

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 100ul $280 In stock
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MS Report
HPLC Report
MSDS
Data Sheet
COA
Protocols
WB Handbook
IHC Protocol
IF/ICC Protocol

Product Info

Source:
Rabbit
Application:
WB 1:500-1:2000, IHC 1:50-1:200, IF/ICC 1:100-1:500
*The optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user. For optimal experimental results, antibody reuse is not recommended.
*Tips:

WB: For western blot detection of denatured protein samples. IHC: For immunohistochemical detection of paraffin sections (IHC-p) or frozen sections (IHC-f) of tissue samples. IF/ICC: For immunofluorescence detection of cell samples. ELISA(peptide): For ELISA detection of antigenic peptide.

Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat,Monkey
Prediction:
Rabbit(100%), Chicken(82%)
Clonality:
Polyclonal
Specificity:
GRP78 Antibody detects endogenous levels of total GRP78.
RRID:
AB_2837851
Cite Format: Affinity Biosciences Cat# AF5366, RRID:AB_2837851.
Conjugate:
Unconjugated.
Purification:
The antiserum was purified by peptide affinity chromatography using SulfoLink™ Coupling Resin (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
Storage:
Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol. Store at -20 °C. Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.
Alias:

Fold/Unfold

78 kDa glucose regulated protein; 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein; AL022860; AU019543; BIP; D2Wsu141e; D2Wsu17e; Endoplasmic reticulum lumenal Ca(2+)-binding protein grp78; Endoplasmic reticulum lumenal Ca2+ binding protein grp78; Epididymis secretory sperm binding protein Li 89n; FLJ26106; Glucose Regulated Protein 78kDa; GRP 78; GRP-78; GRP78; GRP78_HUMAN; Heat shock 70 kDa protein 5; Heat Shock 70kDa Protein 5; Heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5; HEL S 89n; Hsce70; HSPA 5; HSPA5; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Binding Protein; Immunoglobulin heavy chain-binding protein; mBiP; MIF2; Sez7;

Immunogens

Immunogen:

A synthesized peptide derived from human GRP78, corresponding to a region within C-terminal amino acids.

Uniprot:

P11021(BIP_HUMAN) >>Visit HPA database.

Gene(ID):
HSPA5(3309)
Description:
GRP78 a member of the HSP family of molecular chaperones required for endoplasmic reticulum integrity and stress-induced autophagy. Plays a central role in regulating the unfolded protein response (UPR), and is an obligatory component of autophagy in mammalian cells.. May play an important role in cellular adaptation and oncogenic survival. One of the client proteins of GRP78 is protein double-stranded RNA-activated protein-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK).
Sequence:
MKLSLVAAMLLLLSAARAEEEDKKEDVGTVVGIDLGTTYSCVGVFKNGRVEIIANDQGNRITPSYVAFTPEGERLIGDAAKNQLTSNPENTVFDAKRLIGRTWNDPSVQQDIKFLPFKVVEKKTKPYIQVDIGGGQTKTFAPEEISAMVLTKMKETAEAYLGKKVTHAVVTVPAYFNDAQRQATKDAGTIAGLNVMRIINEPTAAAIAYGLDKREGEKNILVFDLGGGTFDVSLLTIDNGVFEVVATNGDTHLGGEDFDQRVMEHFIKLYKKKTGKDVRKDNRAVQKLRREVEKAKRALSSQHQARIEIESFYEGEDFSETLTRAKFEELNMDLFRSTMKPVQKVLEDSDLKKSDIDEIVLVGGSTRIPKIQQLVKEFFNGKEPSRGINPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLSGDQDTGDLVLLDVCPLTLGIETVGGVMTKLIPRNTVVPTKKSQIFSTASDNQPTVTIKVYEGERPLTKDNHLLGTFDLTGIPPAPRGVPQIEVTFEIDVNGILRVTAEDKGTGNKNKITITNDQNRLTPEEIERMVNDAEKFAEEDKKLKERIDTRNELESYAYSLKNQIGDKEKLGGKLSSEDKETMEKAVEEKIEWLESHQDADIEDFKAKKKELEEIVQPIISKLYGSAGPPPTGEEDTAEKDEL

Predictions

Predictions:

Score>80(red) has high confidence and is suggested to be used for WB detection. *The prediction model is mainly based on the alignment of immunogen sequences, the results are for reference only, not as the basis of quality assurance.

Species
Results
Score
Rabbit
100
Chicken
82
Bovine
64
Dog
64
Zebrafish
50
Xenopus
44
Pig
0
Horse
0
Sheep
0
Model Confidence:
High(score>80) Medium(80>score>50) Low(score<50) No confidence

Research Backgrounds

Function:

Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone that plays a key role in protein folding and quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. Involved in the correct folding of proteins and degradation of misfolded proteins via its interaction with DNAJC10/ERdj5, probably to facilitate the release of DNAJC10/ERdj5 from its substrate (By similarity). Acts as a key repressor of the ERN1/IRE1-mediated unfolded protein response (UPR). In the unstressed endoplasmic reticulum, recruited by DNAJB9/ERdj4 to the luminal region of ERN1/IRE1, leading to disrupt the dimerization of ERN1/IRE1, thereby inactivating ERN1/IRE1 (By similarity). Accumulation of misfolded protein in the endoplasmic reticulum causes release of HSPA5/BiP from ERN1/IRE1, allowing homodimerization and subsequent activation of ERN1/IRE1 (By similarity). Plays an auxiliary role in post-translational transport of small presecretory proteins across endoplasmic reticulum (ER). May function as an allosteric modulator for SEC61 channel-forming translocon complex, likely cooperating with SEC62 to enable the productive insertion of these precursors into SEC61 channel. Appears to specifically regulate translocation of precursors having inhibitory residues in their mature region that weaken channel gating.

PTMs:

AMPylated by FICD. In unstressed cells, AMPylation at Thr-518 by FICD inactivates the chaperome activity: AMPylated form is locked in a relatively inert state and only weakly stimulated by J domain-containing proteins (By similarity). In response to endoplasmic reticulum stress, de-AMPylation by the same protein, FICD, restores the chaperone activity (By similarity).

Subcellular Location:

Endoplasmic reticulum lumen. Melanosome. Cytoplasm.
Note: Identified by mass spectrometry in melanosome fractions from stage I to stage IV.

Extracellular region or secreted Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion Manual annotation Automatic computational assertionSubcellular location
Family&Domains:

The interdomain linker regulates the chaperone activity by mediating the formation of homooligomers. Homooligomers are formed by engagement of the interdomain linker of one HSPA5/BiP molecule as a typical substrate of an adjacent HSPA5/BiP molecule. HSPA5/BiP oligomerization inactivates participating HSPA5/BiP protomers. HSPA5/BiP oligomers probably act as reservoirs to store HSPA5/BiP molecules when they are not needed by the cell. When the levels of unfolded proteins rise, cells can rapidly break up these oligomers to make active monomers.

Belongs to the heat shock protein 70 family.

Research Fields

· Genetic Information Processing > Folding, sorting and degradation > Protein export.

· Genetic Information Processing > Folding, sorting and degradation > Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum.   (View pathway)

· Human Diseases > Neurodegenerative diseases > Prion diseases.

· Organismal Systems > Immune system > Antigen processing and presentation.   (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Endocrine system > Thyroid hormone synthesis.

References

1). TRAIL‐Armed ER Nanosomes Induce Drastically Enhanced Apoptosis in Resistant Tumor in Combination with the Antagonist of IAPs (AZD5582). Advanced Healthcare Materials, 2021 (PubMed: 33963815) [IF=10.0]
2). Androgen receptor alleviates doxorubicin-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and myocardial injury by interacting with SERCA2a. Free radical biology & medicine, 2025 (PubMed: 39947494) [IF=7.1]
3). Aqueous Extract of Pepino Leaves Ameliorates Palmitic Acid-Induced Hepatocellular Lipotoxicity via Inhibition of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Apoptosis. Antioxidants, 2021 (PubMed: 34204987) [IF=7.0]

Application: WB    Species: Human    Sample: HepG2 Cells

Figure 5 AEPL attenuated ER stress while PA exposure. (a) ER stress-related protein levels were analyzed by Western blotting. (b–d) GRP78, phosphorylated PERK, and phosphorylated IRE1αwere normalized to PERK, IRE1α, and β-actin of each sample. (e) SREBP-1 level in each group was normalized to β-actin. All data were presented as mean ± SD of at least three independent experiments. * p < 0.05 vs. control cells; # p < 0.05 vs. PA-treated cells.
4). Epimedin B exerts neuroprotective effect against MPTP-induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease: GPER as a potential target. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 2022 (PubMed: 36411637) [IF=6.9]

Application: WB    Species: Mouse    Sample:

Fig. 7. Epimedin B exerts anti-apoptotic and anti-endoplasmic reticulum stress effects on MPTP-induced PD mice through GPER. Western blot assay was used to assess the effect of Epimedin B on the protein expressions of apoptosis-related protein Bax and Bcl-2 (A), and endoplasmic reticulum stress-related protein GRP78 and CHOP (B). Data are expressed as means ± SD, (n = 6).
5). Serpina3c Mitigates Adipose Tissue Inflammation by Inhibiting the HIF1α-Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum Overoxidation in Adipocytes. Diabetes & metabolism journal, 2025 (PubMed: 40403760) [IF=6.8]

Application: WB    Species: human    Sample:

Fig. 5. Serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 3C (Serpina3c) inhibited endoplasmic reticulum overoxidation and its downstream in adipocytes at least partially by suppressing hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α)/endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase 1α (Ero1α)-protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) signaling. (A) The effect of transcription regulatory factor HIF1α on the promoter activity of protein disulfide isomerase family A member 3 (PDIA3) and PDIA4 in 293T cells was detected by Dual-luciferase reporter assay. (B-H) Serpina3c knockdown (3cKD) 3T3-L1 adipocytes were pretreated with 100 ng/mL recombinant mouse Serpina3c protein (rSerpina3c) or 5 μM HIF1α inhibitor acriflavine (ACF) for 2 hours before being stimulated with 500 μM palmitic acid (PA) for 48 hours. (B) The mRNA levels of indicated genes in 3cKD 3T3-L1 adipocytes. (C, D) The protein levels of indicated genes in 3cKD 3T3-L1 adipocytes and quantification of the relative protein band density (n=3 for each group). (E) Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) level in 3cKD 3T3-L1 adipocytes was determined. (F, G) The protein levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway in 3cKD 3T3-L1 adipocytes and quantification of the relative protein band density (n=3 for each group). (H) Caspase-3 activity in 3cKD 3T3-L1 adipocytes was determined. (I-L) 3cKD 3T3-L1 adipocytes were pretreated with 10 μM Ero1α inhibitor EN460 or 0.4 μM PDI inhibitor propynoic acid carbamoyl methyl amide 31 (PACMA31) alone or in combination for 2 hours before being stimulated with 500 μM PA for 48 hours. (I) The mRNA levels of indicated genes in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. (J) H2O2 level in 3cKD 3T3-L1 adipocytes was measured. (K) The protein levels of MAPK signaling pathway in 3cKD 3T3-L1 adipocytes and quantification of the relative protein band density (n=3 for each group). (L) Caspase-3 activity in 3cKD 3T3-L1 adipocytes was determined. Data were presented as mean±standard error of the mean. MCS, multiple cloning site; 6xHis, hexahistidine; IL-6, interleukin-6; CCL2 or CCL5, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 or 5; CXLC1 or CXCL10, C-XC motif chemokine ligand 1 or 10; GRP78, glucose regulated protein 78; CHOP, C/EBP homologous protein; p-JNK, phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase; p-ERK, phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase; NS, no significance.
6). mTOR pathway mediates endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced CD4+ T cell apoptosis in septic mice. APOPTOSIS, 2022 (PubMed: 35759162) [IF=6.1]

Application: WB    Species: Mice    Sample: CD4+ T cells

Fig. 4 Expression of ERS-UPR- and mTOR-related proteins in splenic CD4+ T cells of septic mice. Protein expression of GRP78, CHOP, mTOR, p-mTOR, p70S6k, p-p70S6k (A–E) in CD4+ T cells were quantified by western blotting and showed as the relative expression values of β-actin, which was used as a loading control to normalize the protein levels. In order to highlight the activation level of p-mTOR and p-p70S6K in this signaling pathway, the ratio of p-mTOR to mTOR (p/t mTOR) and p-p70S6K to p70S6K (p/t p70S6K) were used for statistics. Data are shown as Mean ± SD (n = 6). Statistically significant differences were determined by two-tailed Student’s t-test. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001
7). The role of vitamin E in polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis and alleviating endoplasmic reticulum stress in sub-adult grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui), 2024 (PubMed: 38371478) [IF=6.1]

Application: WB    Species: fish    Sample:

Fig. 5 Effects of vitamin E on the relative protein expressions of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins in the muscle of sub-adult grass carp. (A) Western blots for p-PERK (Ser1096), p-IRE1 (Ser724), ATF6 and GRP78. Quantification of (B) p-PERK (Ser1096), (C) p-IRE1 (Ser724), (D) ATF6, and (E) GRP78 normalized to β-actin. Results are represented as the mean ± SD. The data are the means of three replicates with two fishes per replicate (n = 3). Mean values within the same row with different superscripts are significantly different (P < 0.05). p-PERK (Ser1096) = protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (phospho-Ser1096); p-IRE1 (Ser724) = inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (phospho-Ser724); ATF6 = activating transcription factor 6; GRP78 = glucose regulatory protein 78.
8). Osthole ameliorates wear particle-induced osteogenic impairment by mitigating endoplasmic reticulum stress via PERK signaling cascade. Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.), 2024 (PubMed: 39707212) [IF=6.0]
9). GnRHa protects the ovarian reserve by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress during cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapy. npj Breast Cancer, 2021 (PubMed: 34620881) [IF=5.9]

Application: WB    Species: Human    Sample: KGN cells

Fig. 3 Cyclophosphamide inhibits AMH secretion in vitro. a Representative western blot analysis of GRP78 and AMH from KGN cells at 36 h and 48 h after injection of vehicle or CTX at doses of 250–1250 µg/mL. b Apoptosis assay of KGN cells 36 h and 48 h after injection of vehicle or CTX at doses of 250–1250 µg/mL. Compared with untreated control cells, the level of apoptosis was significantly higher with ≥750 µg/mL CTX. c, d AMH mRNA levels of KGN cells verified by qPCR. e, f The concentration of AMH in the cell-culture medium declined as the CTX dose increased. g, h One-way ANOVA analysis of apoptotic cells displayed on b. All error bars represent the standard error of the mean. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.001, and ***P < 0.0001.
10). VBIT-4 Rescues Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Reduces Skeletal Muscle Degeneration in a Severe Model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. International journal of molecular sciences, 2025 (PubMed: 41009414) [IF=5.6]
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