ATG4D Antibody - #DF3977

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Product: ATG4D Antibody
Catalog: DF3977
Description: Rabbit polyclonal antibody to ATG4D
Application: WB IHC IF/ICC
Reactivity: Human, Mouse
Prediction: Pig, Horse, Dog
Mol.Wt.: 53 KD; 53kD(Calculated).
Uniprot: Q86TL0
RRID: AB_2836337

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Related Downloads
MS Report
HPLC Report
MSDS
Data Sheet
COA
Protocols
WB Handbook
IHC Protocol
IF/ICC Protocol

Product Info

Source:
Rabbit
Application:
WB 1:500-1:1000, IHC 1:50-1:200, IF/ICC 1:100-1:500
*The optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user.
*Tips:

WB: For western blot detection of denatured protein samples. IHC: For immunohistochemical detection of paraffin sections (IHC-p) or frozen sections (IHC-f) of tissue samples. IF/ICC: For immunofluorescence detection of cell samples. ELISA(peptide): For ELISA detection of antigenic peptide.

Reactivity:
Human,Mouse
Prediction:
Pig(80%), Horse(90%), Dog(90%)
Clonality:
Polyclonal
Specificity:
ATG4D Antibody detects endogenous levels of total ATG4D.
RRID:
AB_2836337
Cite Format: Affinity Biosciences Cat# DF3977, RRID:AB_2836337.
Conjugate:
Unconjugated.
Purification:
The antiserum was purified by peptide affinity chromatography using SulfoLink™ Coupling Resin (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
Storage:
Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol. Store at -20 °C. Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.
Alias:

Fold/Unfold

9830134P12Rik; APG4 autophagy 4 homolog D; APG4 D; APG4, S. cerevisiae, homolog of, D; APG4D; ATG4 autophagy related 4 homolog D (S. cerevisiae); Atg4d; ATG4D_HUMAN; Atg4dl; AUT like 4 cysteine endopeptidase; AUT-like 4 cysteine endopeptidase; AUTL4; Autophagin 4; Autophagin-4; autophagy 4, S. cerevisiae, homolog of, D; autophagy related 4D, cysteine peptidase; Autophagy related cysteine endopeptidase 4; Autophagy related protein 4 homolog D; Autophagy-related cysteine endopeptidase 4; Autophagy-related protein 4 homolog D; Cysteine protease ATG4D; Cysteine protease involved in autophagy; MGC31226;

Immunogens

Immunogen:
Uniprot:

Q86TL0(ATG4D_HUMAN) >>Visit HPA database.

Gene(ID):
ATG4D(84971)
Expression:
Q86TL0 ATG4D_HUMAN:

Mainly expressed in skeletal muscle and, to a lower extent, in testis.

Sequence:
MNSVSPAAAQYRSSSPEDARRRPEARRPRGPRGPDPNGLGPSGASGPALGSPGAGPSEPDEVDKFKAKFLTAWNNVKYGWVVKSRTSFSKISSIHLCGRRYRFEGEGDIQRFQRDFVSRLWLTYRRDFPPLPGGCLTSDCGWGCMLRSGQMMLAQGLLLHFLPRDWTWAEGMGLGPPELSGSASPSRYHGPARWMPPRWAQGAPELEQERRHRQIVSWFADHPRAPFGLHRLVELGQSSGKKAGDWYGPSLVAHILRKAVESCSDVTRLVVYVSQDCTVYKADVARLVARPDPTAEWKSVVILVPVRLGGETLNPVYVPCVKELLRCELCLGIMGGKPRHSLYFIGYQDDFLLYLDPHYCQPTVDVSQADFPLESFHCTSPRKMAFAKMDPSCTVGFYAGDRKEFETLCSELTRVLSSSSATERYPMFTLAEGHAQDHSLDDLCSQLAQPTLRLPRTGRLLRAKRPSSEDFVFL

Predictions

Predictions:

Score>80(red) has high confidence and is suggested to be used for WB detection. *The prediction model is mainly based on the alignment of immunogen sequences, the results are for reference only, not as the basis of quality assurance.

Species
Results
Score
Horse
90
Dog
90
Pig
80
Bovine
0
Sheep
0
Xenopus
0
Zebrafish
0
Chicken
0
Rabbit
0
Model Confidence:
High(score>80) Medium(80>score>50) Low(score<50) No confidence

PTMs - Q86TL0 As Substrate

Site PTM Type Enzyme
K64 Ubiquitination
S93 Phosphorylation
Y101 Phosphorylation
T167 Phosphorylation
K241 Ubiquitination
K258 Ubiquitination
S264 Phosphorylation
K298 Ubiquitination
K322 Ubiquitination
K388 Ubiquitination
Y398 Phosphorylation
K403 Ubiquitination
K464 Ubiquitination
S467 Phosphorylation

Research Backgrounds

Function:

Cysteine protease required for the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagy. Cleaves the C-terminal amino acid of ATG8 family proteins MAP1LC3 and GABARAPL2, to reveal a C-terminal glycine. Exposure of the glycine at the C-terminus is essential for ATG8 proteins conjugation to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and insertion to membranes, which is necessary for autophagy. Has also an activity of delipidating enzyme for the PE-conjugated forms.

Plays a role as an autophagy regulator that links mitochondrial dysfunction with apoptosis. The mitochondrial import of ATG4D during cellular stress and differentiation may play important roles in the regulation of mitochondrial physiology, ROS, mitophagy and cell viability.

PTMs:

Cleaved by CASP3 during apoptosis which leads to increased activity. The cleavage by CASP3 reveals a cryptic mitochondrial targeting sequence immediately downstream of their canonical caspase cleavage sites which leads to mitochondrial import of the protein.

Subcellular Location:

Cytoplasm.

Cytoplasm. Mitochondrion matrix.
Note: Imported into mitochondrial matrix after cleavage by CASP3 during oxidative stress and cell death.

Extracellular region or secreted Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion Manual annotation Automatic computational assertionSubcellular location
Tissue Specificity:

Mainly expressed in skeletal muscle and, to a lower extent, in testis.

Family&Domains:

Residues 64 to 103 constitute a cryptic mitochondrial transit peptide which is revealed after cleavage by caspase of residues 1 to 63 upon oxidative stress and cell death. It acts then as a functional transit peptide, and allows the import of the cleaved protein into the mitochondria (PubMed:22441018).

Belongs to the peptidase C54 family.

Research Fields

· Cellular Processes > Transport and catabolism > Autophagy - other.   (View pathway)

· Cellular Processes > Transport and catabolism > Autophagy - animal.   (View pathway)

References

1). Targeted inhibition of autophagy in hepatic stellate cells by hydroxychloroquine: An effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of liver fibrosis. Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver, 2024 (PubMed: 38606676) [IF=6.7]
2). Pathogenic variants of ATG4D in infertile men with non‐obstructive azoospermia identified using whole‐exome sequencing. Clinical Genetics, 2021 (PubMed: 33988247) [IF=3.5]

Application: IF/ICC    Species: Human    Sample: testicular tissue

Figure 3: Immunofluorescence staining of histological sections from the patients with the homozygous pathogenic variant c.374G>T:p.Arg125Leu in ATG4D. (A) Immunofluorescence staining of ATG4D in testicular tissue sections from the control and patients with the ATG4D variants. (B) Immunofluorescence staining of LC3B in the testicular tissue sections. (C) TUNEL assay of testicular tissue sections from the control and patients with the ATG4D variants. The control sample was obtained from a patient with obstructive azoospermia who had normal spermatogenesis. Scale bar = 50 μm.

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