alpha-SMA Antibody | Affinity Biosciences

$Fig. 5 NaW inhibits CF and promotes macrophage phenotype conversion. A, B Thirty-eight days after the sham/MI operation, the hearts of sham, sham-NaW, MI-PBS and MI-NaW mice were observed by Masson’s trichrome staining and microscopy (scale bar, 1 mm) (A), and the fibrotic region areas were quantified (B), n = 6. C, D Representative immunostaining (scale bar, 10 μm) (C) and immunofluorescence (scale bar, 20 μm) (D) for α-SMA in fibrotic regions of the heart 38 days after the sham/MI operation. C Blue: hematoxylin; brown: a-SMA. D Red: a-SMA; blue: DAPI. E, F Representative images showing collagen I (E) and III (F) immunofluorescence staining. Scale bar, 20 μm. G–J Ejection fraction (EF) (G), left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) (H) end-diastolic volume (EDV) (I) and end systolic volume (ESV) (J) as quantified via echocardiography 38 days after the sham/MI operation; n = 9, 9, 19, and19, respectively. K–O On the 38th day after MI surgery, F4/80+ macrophages were isolated from the fibrotic area of MI-PBS, MI-NaW, sham, and sham-NaW mice, and the expression of Tgfb1, Arg1, Mrc1, Tnf, and Nos2 in macrophages was measured by real-time PCR; n = 7, 7, 8, and 8, respectively. P–R The expression of Gys1, Ugp2, Slc2a1, and Pygl in the M2 macrophages isolated from the hearts of two groups of mice was measured by real-time PCR. n = 8, 8, 8, and 8, respectively. Unless otherwise specified, n = 3 biologically independent experiments. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM. P values were calculated by one-way ANOVA. *P$

Fig.

FIGURE 6 Discovery and validation of co-expressed metabolic pathways in PVTT non-TME cells.

Product:	alpha-SMA Antibody
Catalog:	AF1032
Description:	Rabbit polyclonal antibody to alpha-SMA
Application:	WB IHC IF/ICC IP
Reactivity:	Human, Mouse, Rat, Bovine
Prediction:	Pig, Bovine, Horse, Sheep, Rabbit, Dog, Chicken
Mol.Wt.:	45 KD; 42kD(Calculated).
Uniprot:	P62736
RRID:	AB_2835329

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Blocking peptides are peptides that bind specifically to the target antibody and block antibody binding. These peptide usually contains the epitope recognized by the antibody. Antibodies bound to the blocking peptide no longer bind to the epitope on the target protein. By comparing the staining from the blocked antibody versus the antibody alone, one can see which staining is specific.

Size	Price	Inventory
100ul	$280	In stock
200ul	$350	In stock

Lead Time: Same day delivery

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Related Downloads

MSDS

Data Sheet

COA

Protocols

WB Handbook

IHC Protocol

IF/ICC Protocol

Product Info

Source:

Rabbit

Application:

WB 1:500-1:1000, IHC 1:50-1:500, IF/ICC: 1:200, IP 1:100
*The optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user.
*Tips:

WB: For western blot detection of denatured protein samples. IHC: For immunohistochemical detection of paraffin sections (IHC-p) or frozen sections (IHC-f) of tissue samples. IF/ICC: For immunofluorescence detection of cell samples. ELISA(peptide): For ELISA detection of antigenic peptide.

Reactivity:

Human,Mouse,Rat,Bovine

Prediction:

Pig(100%), Horse(100%), Sheep(100%), Rabbit(100%), Dog(100%), Chicken(100%)

Clonality:

Polyclonal

Specificity:

alpha-SMA Antibody detects endogenous levels of total alpha-SMA.

RRID:

AB_2835329
Cite Format: Affinity Biosciences Cat# AF1032, RRID:AB_2835329.

Conjugate:

Unconjugated.

Purification:

The antiserum was purified by peptide affinity chromatography using SulfoLink™ Coupling Resin (Thermo Fisher Scientific).

Storage:

Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.Stable for 15 months from date of receipt. Store at -20 °C. Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.

Alias:

Fold/Unfold

a actin; AAT6; ACTA_HUMAN; ACTA2; Actin alpha 2 smooth muscle aorta; Actin aortic smooth muscle; Actin, aortic smooth muscle; ACTSA; ACTVS; Alpha 2 actin; Alpha actin 2; Alpha cardiac actin; Alpha-actin-2; Cell growth inhibiting gene 46 protein; Cell growth-inhibiting gene 46 protein; GIG46; Growth inhibiting gene 46; MYMY5; Sarcomeric Actin;

Immunogens

Immunogen:

Uniprot:

P62736(ACTA_HUMAN) >>Visit HPA database.

Gene(ID):

ACTA2(59)

Description:

Defects in ACTA2 are the cause of aortic aneurysm familial thoracic type 6 (AAT6) [MIM:611788]. AATs are characterized by permanent dilation of the thoracic aorta usually due to degenerative changes in the aortic wall. They are primarily associated with a characteristic histologic appearance known as 'medial necrosis' or 'Erdheim cystic medial necrosis' in which there is degeneration and fragmentation of elastic fibers, loss of smooth muscle cells, and an accumulation of basophilic ground substance.

Sequence:

P62736 ACTA_HUMAN:
Protein BLAST With
NCBI/
ExPASy/
Uniprot

MCEEEDSTALVCDNGSGLCKAGFAGDDAPRAVFPSIVGRPRHQGVMVGMGQKDSYVGDEAQSKRGILTLKYPIEHGIITNWDDMEKIWHHSFYNELRVAPEEHPTLLTEAPLNPKANREKMTQIMFETFNVPAMYVAIQAVLSLYASGRTTGIVLDSGDGVTHNVPIYEGYALPHAIMRLDLAGRDLTDYLMKILTERGYSFVTTAEREIVRDIKEKLCYVALDFENEMATAASSSSLEKSYELPDGQVITIGNERFRCPETLFQPSFIGMESAGIHETTYNSIMKCDIDIRKDLYANNVLSGGTTMYPGIADRMQKEITALAPSTMKIKIIAPPERKYSVWIGGSILASLSTFQQMWISKQEYDEAGPSIVHRKCF

Predictions

Predictions:

Score>80(red) has high confidence and is suggested to be used for WB detection. *The prediction model is mainly based on the alignment of immunogen sequences, the results are for reference only, not as the basis of quality assurance.

Species

Results

Score

Pig

100

Horse

100

Bovine

100

Sheep

100

Dog

100

Chicken

100

Rabbit

100

Xenopus

Zebrafish

Model Confidence:
High(score>80) Medium(80>score>50) Low(score<50) No confidence

PTMs - P62736 As Substrate

P62736

Site	PTM Type	Source
E3	Acetylation	Uniprot
S35	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
K52	Acetylation	Uniprot
K52	Methylation	Uniprot
K52	Ubiquitination	Uniprot
S54	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
Y55	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
S62	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
K63	Acetylation	Uniprot
K63	Sumoylation	Uniprot
K63	Ubiquitination	Uniprot
T68	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
K70	Acetylation	Uniprot
K70	Methylation	Uniprot
K70	Ubiquitination	Uniprot
Y71	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
T79	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
K86	Acetylation	Uniprot
K86	Methylation	Uniprot
S91	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
Y93	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
R97	Methylation	Uniprot
K115	Acetylation	Uniprot
K115	Ubiquitination	Uniprot
T128	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
Y145	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
T151	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
S157	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
Y168	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
Y171	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
T188	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
Y190	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
K193	Acetylation	Uniprot
K193	Methylation	Uniprot
K193	Ubiquitination	Uniprot
T196	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
R198	Methylation	Uniprot
Y200	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
S201	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
T204	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
K215	Acetylation	Uniprot
K215	Ubiquitination	Uniprot
K217	Acetylation	Uniprot
K217	Methylation	Uniprot
C219	S-Nitrosylation	Uniprot
Y220	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
S235	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
S236	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
S237	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
K240	Ubiquitination	Uniprot
S241	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
Y242	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
T251	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
C259	S-Nitrosylation	Uniprot
T262	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
S267	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
T280	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
Y281	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
S283	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
C287	S-Nitrosylation	Uniprot
K293	Ubiquitination	Uniprot
Y296	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
T305	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
T306	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
Y308	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
K317	Acetylation	Uniprot
K317	Sumoylation	Uniprot
K317	Ubiquitination	Uniprot
T320	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
S325	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
T326	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
K328	Acetylation	Uniprot
K328	Methylation	Uniprot
K328	Sumoylation	Uniprot
K328	Ubiquitination	Uniprot
K330	Acetylation	Uniprot
K330	Sumoylation	Uniprot
K330	Ubiquitination	Uniprot
K338	Sumoylation	Uniprot
S350	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
Y364	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
S370	Phosphorylation	Uniprot
K375	Ubiquitination	Uniprot
C376	S-Nitrosylation	Uniprot

Research Backgrounds

P62736_ACTA_HUMAN

Function:

Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells.

PTMs:

Oxidation of Met-46 and Met-49 by MICALs (MICAL1, MICAL2 or MICAL3) to form methionine sulfoxide promotes actin filament depolymerization. MICAL1 and MICAL2 produce the (R)-S-oxide form. The (R)-S-oxide form is reverted by MSRB1 and MSRB2, which promotes actin repolymerization.

Monomethylation at Lys-86 (K84me1) regulates actin-myosin interaction and actomyosin-dependent processes. Demethylation by ALKBH4 is required for maintaining actomyosin dynamics supporting normal cleavage furrow ingression during cytokinesis and cell migration.

Methylated at His-75 by SETD3.

(Microbial infection) Monomeric actin is cross-linked by V.cholerae toxins RtxA and VgrG1 in case of infection: bacterial toxins mediate the cross-link between Lys-52 of one monomer and Glu-272 of another actin monomer, resulting in formation of highly toxic actin oligomers that cause cell rounding. The toxin can be highly efficient at very low concentrations by acting on formin homology family proteins: toxic actin oligomers bind with high affinity to formins and adversely affect both nucleation and elongation abilities of formins, causing their potent inhibition in both profilin-dependent and independent manners.

Subcellular Location:

Cytoplasm>Cytoskeleton.

Subunit Structure:

Polymerization of globular actin (G-actin) leads to a structural filament (F-actin) in the form of a two-stranded helix. Each actin can bind to 4 others.

Family&Domains:

Belongs to the actin family.

Research Fields

· Environmental Information Processing > Signal transduction > Apelin signaling pathway. (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Circulatory system > Vascular smooth muscle contraction. (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Endocrine system > Relaxin signaling pathway.

References

1). The construction, expression, and enhanced anti-tumor activity of YM101: a bispecific antibody simultaneously targeting TGF-β and PD-L1. Journal of Hematology & Oncology, 2021 (PubMed: 33593403) [IF=28.5]

Application: IHC Species: Human Sample:

Fig. 10 Immunohistochemical staining to evaluate the activity of carcinoma-associated fibroblast, the status of mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition of cancer cells, as well as the proliferation and apoptosis of cancer cells. a H&E staining. b Anti-α-SMA staining. c Picrosirius red staining. d Anti-E-cadherin staining. e Anti-Vimentin staining. f Anti-Ki-67 staining. g Anti-PCNA staining. h Anti-cleaved-Caspase 3. For quantitative analysis, the integral optical density (IOD) of values the IHC stainings were calculated. *p

2). Upregulation of BCL-2 by acridone derivative through gene promoter i-motif for alleviating liver damage of NAFLD/NASH. NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH, 2020 (PubMed: 32710621) [IF=14.9]

Application: WB Species: mouse Sample: liver

Figure 7. Effect of A22 on ameliorating apoptosis, ER stress, inflammation, metabolic syndrome, and fibrogenesis in HF diet-fed mice. (A) Effect of A22 on BCL-2 gene transcription. (B) Effect of A22 on BAX gene transcription. (C) Effect of A22 on expressions of apoptosis-related proteins in liver. The extracted proteins from the liver were immunoblotted with specific antibodies, and quantified based on the loading control of ACTIN. (D) Effect of A22 on ER stress. The UPR proteins (IRE-1, PERK, elF-2 and CHOP) were analyzed by using western Blot. (E) Effect of A22 on expressions of inflammatory factors. (F) Effect of A22 on expressions of fibrogenic proteins.

3). pH‐Triggered Size‐Tunable Silver Nanoparticles: Targeted Aggregation for Effective Bacterial Infection Therapy. Small, 2022 (PubMed: 35499191) [IF=13.3]

4). A novel UV-curable extravascular stent to prevent restenosis of venous grafts. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2021 [IF=13.1]

Application: WB Species: Rat Sample:

Fig. 6. A: PCNA immunofluorescence staining of venous graft vessels in rats. B, C: Western blot analysis of α-SMA, PCNA, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and vimentin in rat vein graft vessels. D: ICAM-1 immunofluorescence staining of venous graft vessels in rats. E: qPCR of α-SMA, PCNA, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and vimentin in rat vein graft vessels. Data are presented as the mean ± SD; *: compared with control group, p < 0.05. #: compared with sham group,

Application: IF/ICC Species: Rat Sample:

Fig. 5. A: The rat jugular vein was grafted into the carotid artery, and the gel was wrapped around the vein graft and cured by ultraviolet light. B: Changes in the lumen area of the venous graft in rats after 4 weeks. C: Changes in venous graft vessel blood flow velocity in rats after 4 weeks. D: Four weeks after vein transplantation in rats, the blood vessels of the vein grafts were examined using color Doppler ultrasound. E: H&E and Masson staining of rat venous graft vessels. F: α-SMA immunofluorescence staining of venous graft vessels in rats. Data are presented as the mean ± SD; *: compared with control group, p < 0.05. #: compared with sham group, p < 0.05. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

5). Nintedanib enhances the efficacy of PD-L1 blockade by upregulating MHC-I and PD-L1 expression in tumor cells. Theranostics, 2022 (PubMed: 34976211) [IF=12.4]

Application: IF/ICC Species: Mice Sample: tumor tissue

Figure 2 Image analysis of tumor tissue stained with different stains. (A) Images of tumor tissue stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE), Ki67, and TUNEL. Quantitative analysis of the (B) Ki67 positive area and (C) TUNEL positive area. (D) Immunofluorescence (IF) images of CD31 and α-SMA in LLC tumor tissue. The quantitative analysis of the (E) CD31+ vessel area and (F) α-SMA+/ CD31+ vessel area. The green scale bar is 100 µm, the white and black scale bar is 200 µm, and the yellow scale bar is 1000 µm.

6). The long non-coding RNA PFI protects against pulmonary fibrosis by interacting with splicing regulator SRSF1. CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION, 2021 (PubMed: 33981019) [IF=12.4]

Application: WB Species: Mice Sample: fibrogenesis

Fig. 1 Knockdown of lncRNA PFI results in fibrogenesis of MLFs. A qRT-PCR analysis showed six upregulated and two downregulated lncRNAs in BLM-treated mice compared to saline-treated mice. B LncRNA NONMMUT060091, which we named lncRNA pulmonary fibrosis inhibitor (lncRNA PFI), was dramatically reduced in TGF-β1-treated mouse lung fibroblasts (MLFs). C, D qRT-PCR assays of relative lncRNA PFI, collagen 1α1, collagen 3α1, Fn1, CTGF, and ACTA2 expression in MLFs treated with SSi-PFI or SSi-NC. E Western blots demonstrated markedly increased expression of fibrosis-related proteins Fn1, Collagen I, and α-SMA in SSi-PFI transfected MLFs. F Immunofluorescence staining of α-SMA suggested acceleration of the fibroblast-myofibroblast transition after silencing of lncRNA PFI; bar = 20 μm; n = 5 independent experiments. G EdU fluorescent staining indicated that lncRNA PFI inhibition promoted the proliferation of MLFs; bar = 50 μm. H A wound healing assay showed that the suppression of lncRNA PFI facilitated MLFs migration; bar = 200 μm. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01. MLFs mouse lung fibroblasts, SSi-PFI PFI smart silencer, SSi-NC negative control smart silencer.

Application: IF/ICC Species: Mice Sample: fibrogenesis

7). Irinotecan/scFv co-loaded liposomes coaction on tumor cells and CAFs for enhanced colorectal cancer therapy. Journal of Nanobiotechnology, 2021 (PubMed: 34906155) [IF=10.2]

Application: WB Species: Mice Sample:

Fig. 2 Analysis of cell proliferation and migration. Viability of a CT-26 cells and b co-cultured cells (ratio of CT-26 to NIH 3T3 cells was 1:2) after incubation with different formulations at different concentrations for 48 h. c Migration experiment after different formulations treatment for 24 h. Scale bar, 100 μm. d Cell migration percentage. e Western blot analysis of FAP and α-SMA expression levels and f quantification data. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001

8). Senolytic Therapy Enabled by Senescent Cell-Sensitive Biomimetic Melanin Nano-senolytics. Advanced healthcare materials, 2024 (PubMed: 38796738) [IF=10.0]

Application: IF/ICC Species: Mouse Sample:

Figure 3 Gal-TMPDA@DQ alleviates bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. A) Mice were intratracheally instilled with bleomycin (2 U kg−1) or saline for 2 weeks, and Nile red (NR)-loaded Gal-TMPDA (5 mg mL−1, 200 µL) was instilled via tail veins and traced by IVIS system (Color Scale: Min = 1.94e8, Max = 2.41e9) at the major organs at the indicated time periods post nanoparticles injection (n = 3). B–I) The simplified experimental scheme. C57BL/6J mice were intratracheally instilled with bleomycin for 6 days, and then divided randomly into five groups for treatment with free DQ (D: 0.7 mg kg−1, Q: 2.6 mg kg−1), MPDA (5 mg mL−1, 200 µL), TMPDA (5 mg mL−1, 200 µL), Gal-MPDA@DQ (MPDA: 5 mg mL−1, D: 70 µg mL−1, Q: 260 µg mL−1, 200 µL) or Gal-TMPDA@DQ (TMPDA: 5 mg mL−1, D: 70 µg mL−1, Q: 260 µg mL−1, 200 µL). Mice were sacrificed 24 days after bleomycin injection, and blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and major organ sections were collected for analysis (B). The changes of body weights (n = 8) (C); final weight level (n = 8) (D); H&E staining of lung tissues, Scale bars, 1 mm and 100 µm (n = 3) (E); hydroxyproline content in lung tissues (n = 5) (F); Masson staining of lung tissues. Scale bar, 100 µm (n = 3) (G), and quantification of Masson staining of collagens (n = 3) (H). Immunofluorescence staining of α-SMA in lung tissues. Nuclei, DAPI. Scale bar = 50 µm (n = 3) (I), and quantification of α-SMA levels in lung tissue sections (n = 3) (J). Data are presented as means ± SD.

9). CD44‐targeting Drug Delivery System of Exosomes Loading Forsythiaside A Combats Liver Fibrosis via Regulating NLRP3‐mediated Pyroptosis. Advanced Healthcare Materials, 2023 (PubMed: 36603210) [IF=10.0]

10). Co-Delivery of Curcumin and Capsaicin by Dual-Targeting Liposomes for Inhibition of aHSC-Induced Drug Resistance and Metastasis. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2021 (PubMed: 33819006) [IF=9.5]

Application: IHC Species: Mice Sample: tumor tissue

Figure 8. In vivo antitumor effect in the H22+m-HSC tumor-bearing mice. (a) Treatment schedule. (b) Body weight. (c) Photographs of tumors. (d) Tumor growth curve. (e) Tumor inhibition rates. (f) H&E staining images. (g) Masson’s staining assay. (h) Immunohistochemistry assay of αSMA protein. (i) Microvessel density assay. Data are given as mean ± SD (n = 4). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.

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alpha-SMA Antibody - #AF1032