Phospho-BRCA1 (Ser1423) Antibody - #AF3288

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that specifically mediates the formation of 'Lys-6'-linked polyubiquitin chains and plays a central role in DNA repair by facilitating cellular responses to DNA damage. It is unclear whether it also mediates the formation of other types of polyubiquitin chains. The E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity is required for its tumor suppressor function. The BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimer coordinates a diverse range of cellular pathways such as DNA damage repair, ubiquitination and transcriptional regulation to maintain genomic stability. Regulates centrosomal microtubule nucleation. Required for normal cell cycle progression from G2 to mitosis. Required for appropriate cell cycle arrests after ionizing irradiation in both the S-phase and the G2 phase of the cell cycle. Involved in transcriptional regulation of P21 in response to DNA damage. Required for FANCD2 targeting to sites of DNA damage. May function as a transcriptional regulator. Inhibits lipid synthesis by binding to inactive phosphorylated ACACA and preventing its dephosphorylation. Contributes to homologous recombination repair (HRR) via its direct interaction with PALB2, fine-tunes recombinational repair partly through its modulatory role in the PALB2-dependent loading of BRCA2-RAD51 repair machinery at DNA breaks. Component of the BRCA1-RBBP8 complex which regulates CHEK1 activation and controls cell cycle G2/M checkpoints on DNA damage via BRCA1-mediated ubiquitination of RBBP8. Acts as a transcriptional activator.

Phosphorylation at Ser-308 by AURKA is required for normal cell cycle progression from G2 to mitosis. Phosphorylated in response to IR, UV, and various stimuli that cause checkpoint activation, probably by ATM or ATR. Phosphorylation at Ser-988 by CHEK2 regulates mitotic spindle assembly.

Autoubiquitinated, undergoes 'Lys-6'-linked polyubiquitination. 'Lys-6'-linked polyubiquitination does not promote degradation.

Nucleus. Chromosome. Cytoplasm.
Note: Localizes at sites of DNA damage at double-strand breaks (DSBs); recruitment to DNA damage sites is mediated by ABRAXAS1 and the BRCA1-A complex (PubMed:26778126). Translocated to the cytoplasm during UV-induced apoptosis (PubMed:20160719).

Cytoplasm.

Cytoplasm.

Isoform 1 and isoform 3 are widely expressed. Isoform 3 is reduced or absent in several breast and ovarian cancer cell lines.

Heterodimer with BARD1. Part of the BRCA1-associated genome surveillance complex (BASC), which contains BRCA1, MSH2, MSH6, MLH1, ATM, BLM, PMS2 and the MRE11-RAD50-NBN protein (MRN) complex. This association could be a dynamic process changing throughout the cell cycle and within subnuclear domains. Component of the BRCA1-A complex, at least composed of BRCA1, BARD1, UIMC1/RAP80, ABRAXAS1, BRCC3/BRCC36, BABAM2 and BABAM1/NBA1. Interacts (via the BRCT domains) with ABRAXAS1 (phosphorylated form); this is important for recruitment to sites of DNA damage. Can form a heterotetramer with two molecules of ABRAXAS1 (phosphorylated form). Component of the BRCA1-RBBP8 complex. Interacts (via the BRCT domains) with RBBP8 ('Ser-327' phosphorylated form); the interaction ubiquitinates RBBP8, regulates CHEK1 activation, and involves RBBP8 in BRCA1-dependent G2/M checkpoint control on DNA damage. Associates with RNA polymerase II holoenzyme. Interacts with SMC1A, NELFB, DCLRE1C, CLSPN. Interacts with CHEK1, CHEK2, BAP1, BRCC3, AURKA, UBXN1 and PCLAF. Interacts (via BRCT domains) with BRIP1 (phosphorylated form). Interacts with FANCD2 (ubiquitinated form). Interacts with H2AX (phosphorylated on 'Ser-140'). Interacts (via the BRCT domains) with ACACA (phosphorylated form); the interaction prevents dephosphorylation of ACACA. Part of a BRCA complex containing BRCA1, BRCA2 and PALB2. Interacts directly with PALB2; the interaction is essential for its function in HRR. Interacts directly with BRCA2; the interaction occurs only in the presence of PALB2 which serves as the bridging protein. Interacts (via the BRCT domains) with LMO4; the interaction represses the transcriptional activity of BRCA1. Interacts (via the BRCT domains) with CCAR2 (via N-terminus); the interaction represses the transcriptional activator activity of BRCA1. Interacts with EXD2. Interacts (via C-terminus) with DHX9; this interaction is direct and links BRCA1 to the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme.

The BRCT domains recognize and bind phosphorylated pSXXF motif on proteins. The interaction with the phosphorylated pSXXF motif of ABRAXAS1, recruits BRCA1 at DNA damage sites.

The RING-type zinc finger domain interacts with BAP1.