Product: Glutamine Synthetase Antibody
Catalog: DF7607
Description: Rabbit polyclonal antibody to Glutamine Synthetase
Application: WB IHC IF/ICC
Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat
Prediction: Pig, Zebrafish, Bovine, Horse, Sheep, Rabbit, Dog, Chicken
Mol.Wt.: 42 kDa; 42kD(Calculated).
Uniprot: P15104
RRID: AB_2841098

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 100ul $280 In stock
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Product Info

Source:
Rabbit
Application:
WB 1:1000-3000, IHC 1:50-1:200, IF/ICC 1:100-500
*The optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user.
*Tips:

WB: For western blot detection of denatured protein samples. IHC: For immunohistochemical detection of paraffin sections (IHC-p) or frozen sections (IHC-f) of tissue samples. IF/ICC: For immunofluorescence detection of cell samples. ELISA(peptide): For ELISA detection of antigenic peptide.

Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Prediction:
Pig(100%), Zebrafish(100%), Bovine(100%), Horse(100%), Sheep(100%), Rabbit(100%), Dog(100%), Chicken(93%)
Clonality:
Polyclonal
Specificity:
Glutamine Synthetase Antibody detects endogenous levels of total Glutamine Synthetase.
RRID:
AB_2841098
Cite Format: Affinity Biosciences Cat# DF7607, RRID:AB_2841098.
Conjugate:
Unconjugated.
Purification:
The antiserum was purified by peptide affinity chromatography using SulfoLink™ Coupling Resin (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
Storage:
Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol. Store at -20 °C. Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.
Alias:

Fold/Unfold

cell proliferation-inducing protein 59; GLNA; GLNA_HUMAN; GLNS; GLUL; Glutamate ammonia ligase; Glutamate decarboxylase; Glutamate--ammonia ligase; glutamine synthase; Glutamine synthetase; GS; PIG 43; PIG 59; PIG43; PIG59; Proliferation inducing protein 43;

Immunogens

Immunogen:
Uniprot:
Gene(ID):
Expression:
P15104 GLNA_HUMAN:

Expressed in endothelial cells.

Sequence:
MTTSASSHLNKGIKQVYMSLPQGEKVQAMYIWIDGTGEGLRCKTRTLDSEPKCVEELPEWNFDGSSTLQSEGSNSDMYLVPAAMFRDPFRKDPNKLVLCEVFKYNRRPAETNLRHTCKRIMDMVSNQHPWFGMEQEYTLMGTDGHPFGWPSNGFPGPQGPYYCGVGADRAYGRDIVEAHYRACLYAGVKIAGTNAEVMPAQWEFQIGPCEGISMGDHLWVARFILHRVCEDFGVIATFDPKPIPGNWNGAGCHTNFSTKAMREENGLKYIEEAIEKLSKRHQYHIRAYDPKGGLDNARRLTGFHETSNINDFSAGVANRSASIRIPRTVGQEKKGYFEDRRPSANCDPFSVTEALIRTCLLNETGDEPFQYKN

Predictions

Predictions:

Score>80(red) has high confidence and is suggested to be used for WB detection. *The prediction model is mainly based on the alignment of immunogen sequences, the results are for reference only, not as the basis of quality assurance.

Species
Results
Score
Pig
100
Horse
100
Bovine
100
Sheep
100
Dog
100
Zebrafish
100
Rabbit
100
Chicken
93
Xenopus
57
Model Confidence:
High(score>80) Medium(80>score>50) Low(score<50) No confidence

PTMs - P15104 As Substrate

Site PTM Type Enzyme
T2 Acetylation
K11 Acetylation
K11 Ubiquitination
K14 Acetylation
K14 Ubiquitination
Y17 Phosphorylation
S19 Phosphorylation
K25 Ubiquitination
K52 Ubiquitination
K91 Ubiquitination
K95 Ubiquitination
K103 Acetylation
K103 Ubiquitination
Y104 Phosphorylation
Y180 Phosphorylation
C183 S-Nitrosylation
Y185 Phosphorylation
K259 Ubiquitination
K268 Ubiquitination
Y269 Phosphorylation
K276 Ubiquitination
K291 Ubiquitination
T301 Phosphorylation
S320 Phosphorylation
S322 Phosphorylation
K334 Ubiquitination
Y336 Phosphorylation
S343 Phosphorylation
C359 S-Nitrosylation
Y371 Phosphorylation
K372 Acetylation
K372 Ubiquitination

Research Backgrounds

Function:

Glutamine synthetase that catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of glutamate and ammonia to glutamine. Its role depends on tissue localization: in the brain, it regulates the levels of toxic ammonia and converts neurotoxic glutamate to harmless glutamine, whereas in the liver, it is one of the enzymes responsible for the removal of ammonia (By similarity). Essential for proliferation of fetal skin fibroblasts. Independently of its glutamine synthetase activity, required for endothelial cell migration during vascular development: acts by regulating membrane localization and activation of the GTPase RHOJ, possibly by promoting RHOJ palmitoylation. May act as a palmitoyltransferase for RHOJ: able to autopalmitoylate and then transfer the palmitoyl group to RHOJ. Plays a role in ribosomal 40S subunit biogenesis.

PTMs:

Palmitoylated; undergoes autopalmitoylation.

Ubiquitinated by ZNRF1.

Subcellular Location:

Cytoplasm>Cytosol. Microsome. Mitochondrion. Cell membrane>Lipid-anchor.
Note: Mainly localizes in the cytosol, with a fraction associated with the cell membrane.

Extracellular region or secreted Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion Manual annotation Automatic computational assertionSubcellular location
Tissue Specificity:

Expressed in endothelial cells.

Subunit Structure:

Decamer; composed of two pentamers. Interacts with PALMD (By similarity). Interacts with RHOJ.

Family&Domains:

Belongs to the glutamine synthetase family.

Research Fields

· Cellular Processes > Cell growth and death > Necroptosis.   (View pathway)

· Metabolism > Amino acid metabolism > Arginine biosynthesis.

· Metabolism > Amino acid metabolism > Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism.

· Metabolism > Carbohydrate metabolism > Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism.

· Metabolism > Energy metabolism > Nitrogen metabolism.

· Metabolism > Global and overview maps > Metabolic pathways.

· Metabolism > Global and overview maps > Biosynthesis of amino acids.

· Organismal Systems > Nervous system > Glutamatergic synapse.

· Organismal Systems > Nervous system > GABAergic synapse.

References

1). Single‐cell and spatial analyses reveal the association between gene expression of glutamine synthetase with the immunosuppressive phenotype of APOE+CTSZ+TAM in cancers. Molecular Oncology, 2023 (PubMed: 36587392) [IF=6.6]

Application: IF/ICC    Species: Human    Sample: CRC tissues

Fig. 7 Tissue and cellular distribution of APOE+CTSZ+TAM, GLUL+ cells, and Treg. (A, B) Multiplex immunofluorescence staining of CD68 (green), APOE (red), CTSZ (yellow), GLUL (purple), and DAPI (blue) on CRC tissue section of patient PA2203077 and patient PA2220884, scale bar 20 μm. Left: merged and single‐channel photo of the tissue section. Right: combined channel of CD68/APOE/GLUL and CD68/CTSZ/GLUL on the tissue section. (C, D) Multiplex immunofluorescence staining of CD68 (green), APOE (red), CTSZ (yellow), FOXP3 (purple), and DAPI (blue) on CRC tissue section of patient PA2203077 and patient PA2220884, scale bar 20 μm. Left: Merged and single‐channel photo of the tissue section. Right: Combined channel of CD68/APOE/FOXP3 and CD68/CTSZ/FOXP3 on the tissue section. Arrows indicate the representative regions with three immunofluorescence staining.

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