Tubulin beta Antibody - AF7011 - affinity

	Price	Size
	$150	50ul
	$250	100ul
	$350	200ul
	$1200	1ml

Product Information

Alternative Names:Expand▼

TUBB3, CDCBM, Beta III Tubulin, Class III beta-tubulin, TUBB4, Tubulin, beta 3, Tubulin beta-III, Tubulin beta-3 chain, Tubulin beta-4 chain, Tubulin, beta 3 class III, CFEOM3A

Applications:

WB 1:1000-1:5000, IHC 1:50-1:200, IF/ICC 1:100-1:500, ELISA(peptide) 1:20000-1:40000
*The optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user.

Reactivity:

Human, Mouse, Rat

Source:

Rabbit

Clonality:

Polyclonal

Purification:

The antiserum was purified by peptide affinity chromatography using SulfoLink™ Coupling Resin (Thermo Fisher Scientific).

Specificity:

Tubulin beta Antibody detects endogenous levels of total Tubulin beta.

RRID:

AB_2827688
Please cite this product as: Affinity Biosciences Cat# AF7011, RRID:AB_2827688.

Format:

Liquid

Concentration:

1mg/ml

Storage Condition and Buffer:

Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.Store at -20 °C.Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.

Immunogen Information

Immunogen:

A synthesized peptide derived from human Tubulin beta.

Uniprot:

>>Visit The Human Protein Atlas

Gene ID:

Gene Name:

TUBB

Molecular Weight:

Observed Mol.Wt.: 55kD.
Predicted Mol.Wt.: 50kDa(Calculated)..

Subcellular Location:

Cytoplasm > cytoskeleton.

Tissue Specificity:

P07437 TBB5_HUMAN:
Ubiquitously expressed with highest levels in spleen, thymus and immature brain.

Description:

TUBB3 Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha-chain. TUBB3 plays a critical role in proper axon guidance and mantainance.

Sequence:

P07437 TBB5_HUMAN:
Protein BLAST With
NCBI/
ExPASy/
Uniprot

MREIVHIQAGQCGNQIGAKFWEVISDEHGIDPTGTYHGDSDLQLDRISVYYNEATGGKYVPRAILVDLEPGTMDSVRSGPFGQIFRPDNFVFGQSGAGNNWAKGHYTEGAELVDSVLDVVRKEAESCDCLQGFQLTHSLGGGTGSGMGTLLISKIREEYPDRIMNTFSVVPSPKVSDTVVEPYNATLSVHQLVENTDETYCIDNEALYDICFRTLKLTTPTYGDLNHLVSATMSGVTTCLRFPGQLNADLRKLAVNMVPFPRLHFFMPGFAPLTSRGSQQYRALTVPELTQQVFDAKNMMAACDPRHGRYLTVAAVFRGRMSMKEVDEQMLNVQNKNSSYFVEWIPNNVKTAVCDIPPRGLKMAVTFIGNSTAIQELFKRISEQFTAMFRRKAFLHWYTGEGMDEMEFTEAESNMNDLVSEYQQYQDATAEEEEDFGEEAEEEA

Research Background

P07437_TBB5_HUMAN

Function:

Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain.

Post-translational Modifications:

Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglutamylated, resulting in polyglutamate chains on the gamma-carboxyl group. Polyglutamylation plays a key role in microtubule severing by spastin (SPAST). SPAST preferentially recognizes and acts on microtubules decorated with short polyglutamate tails: severing activity by SPAST increases as the number of glutamates per tubulin rises from one to eight, but decreases beyond this glutamylation threshold.

Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are monoglycylated but not polyglycylated due to the absence of functional TTLL10 in human. Monoglycylation is mainly limited to tubulin incorporated into axonemes (cilia and flagella). Both polyglutamylation and monoglycylation can coexist on the same protein on adjacent residues, and lowering glycylation levels increases polyglutamylation, and reciprocally. The precise function of monoglycylation is still unclear (Probable).

Phosphorylated on Ser-172 by CDK1 during the cell cycle, from metaphase to telophase, but not in interphase. This phosphorylation inhibits tubulin incorporation into microtubules.

Subcellular Location:

Cytoplasm>Cytoskeleton.

Tissue Specificity:

Ubiquitously expressed with highest levels in spleen, thymus and immature brain.

Subunit Structure:

Heterodimer of alpha and beta chains. A typical microtubule is a hollow water-filled tube with an outer diameter of 25 nm and an inner diameter of 15 nM. Alpha-beta heterodimers associate head-to-tail to form protofilaments running lengthwise along the microtubule wall with the beta-tubulin subunit facing the microtubule plus end conferring a structural polarity. Microtubules usually have 13 protofilaments but different protofilament numbers can be found in some organisms and specialized cells. Interacts with PIFO. Interacts with DIAPH1. Interacts with MX1 (By similarity). May interact with RNABP10 (By similarity). Interacts with CFAP157 (By similarity).

Similarity:

The highly acidic C-terminal region may bind cations such as calcium.

Belongs to the tubulin family.

Research Fields

Research Fields:

· Cellular Processes > Transport and catabolism > Phagosome.(View pathway)
· Cellular Processes > Cellular community - eukaryotes > Gap junction.(View pathway)
· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Bacterial > Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection.

Reference Citations:

1). Cao L et al. The Nuclear Matrix Protein SAFA Surveils Viral RNA and Facilitates Immunity by Activating Antiviral Enhancers and Super-enhancers. Cell Host Microbe 2019 Sep 11;26(3):369-384 (PubMed: 31513772) [IF=15.923]

2). Li M;Hua Q;Shao Y;Zeng H;Liu Y;Diao Q;Zhang H;Qiu M;Zhu J;Li X;Ling Y;Zhang R;Jiang Y; et al. Circular RNA circBbs9 promotes PM2. 5-induced lung inflammation in mice via NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Environ Int 2020 Jul 21;143:105976. (PubMed: 32707273) [IF=7.577]

3). He XF;Xu JH;Li G;Li MY;Li LL;Pei Z;Zhang LY;Hu XQ; et al. NLRP3-dependent microglial training impaired the clearance of amyloid-beta and aggravated the cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease. Cell Death Dis 2020 Oct 13;11(10):849. (PubMed: 33051464) [IF=6.304]

4). Sun R et al. Rat sinus mucosa- and periosteum-derived exosomes accelerate osteogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2019 May 9 (PubMed: 31074002) [IF=5.546]

5). Kong Y et al. Magnesium-enriched microenvironment promotes odontogenic differentiation in human dental pulp stem cells by activating ERK/BMP2/Smads signaling. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019 Dec 10;10(1):378 (PubMed: 31823825) [IF=5.116]

6). Zheng JM et al. MagT1 regulated the odontogenic differentiation of BMMSCs induced byTGC-CM via ERK signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019 Jan 31;10(1):48 (PubMed: 30704530) [IF=5.116]

7). Wang P et al. The GRA15 protein from Toxoplasma gondii enhances host defense responses by activating the interferon stimulator STING. J Biol Chem 2019 Aug 15 (PubMed: 31416833) [IF=4.238]

8). Ge Y et al. CD38 affects the biological behavior and energy metabolism of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Int J Oncol 2019 Feb;54(2):585-599 (PubMed: 30535454) [IF=3.899]

9). Hua Q;Liu Y;Li M;Chen Y;Diao Q;Zeng H;Jiang Y; et al. Tobacco-related exposure upregulates circ_0035266 to exacerbate inflammatory responses in human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicol Sci 2020 Oct 27;kfaa163. (PubMed: 33107911) [IF=3.703]

10). Hua Q et al. Circular RNA 0039411 is involved in neodymium oxide-induced inflammation and anti-proliferation in a human bronchial epithelial cell line via sponging miR-93-5p. Toxicol Sci 2019 Mar 23 (PubMed: 30903189) [IF=3.703]

11). Chen J;Yang Y;Lv Z;Shu A;Du Q;Wang W;Chen Y;Xu H; et al. Study on the inhibitive effect of Catalpol on diabetic nephropathy. Life Sci 2020 Sep 15;257:118120. (PubMed: 32693244) [IF=3.647]

12). Qiu P et al. Dihydromyricetin modulates p62 and autophagy crosstalk with the Keap-1/Nrf2 pathway to alleviate ethanol-induced hepatic injury. Toxicol Lett 2017 May 15;274:31-41 (PubMed: 28419832) [IF=3.569]

Application: WB Species:Not available; Sample:Not available

13). Li F;Chen Y;Li Y;Huang M;Zhao W; et al. Geniposide alleviates diabetic nephropathy of mice through AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2020 Aug 3;173449. (PubMed: 32758570) [IF=3.263]

14). Cheng Y et al. Strontium promotes osteogenic differentiation by activating autophagy via the the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in MC3T3‑E1 cells. Int J Mol Med 2019 Aug;44(2):652-660 (PubMed: 31173178) [IF=3.098]

15). Cheng Y et al. Strontium promotes osteogenic differentiation by activating autophagy via the the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in MC3T3‑E1 cells. Int J Mol Med 2019 Aug;44(2):652-660 (PubMed: 31173178) [IF=3.098]

16). Chen C et al. Nkd2 promotes the differentiation of dental follicle stem/progenitor cells into osteoblasts. Int J Mol Med 2018 Aug 14 (PubMed: 30106129) [IF=3.098]

17). Chen C et al. Nkd2 promotes the differentiation of dental follicle stem/progenitor cells into osteoblasts. Int J Mol Med 2018 Aug 14 (PubMed: 30106129) [IF=3.098]

18). Wang X;Li Y;Fan GF;Zhang TY;Sun B;Fan PS; et al. Effect of verapamil in the reversal of doxorubicin chemotherapy resistance in advanced gastric cancer. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020 Jul;24(14):7753-7763. (PubMed: 32744702) [IF=3.024]

19). Lin RJ et al. Clinicopathological and prognostic value of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) in primary osteosarcoma. J Orthop Sci 2020 May 10 (PubMed: 32402505)

20). Wang SL;Weng DF;Wei HX;Huang Z;Lin RQ;Shi K;Lin JH; et al. Prognostic role of the recepteur d'origine nantais (RON) expression in primary high-grade osteosarcoma. J Orthop Sci 2020 Sep 21;S0949-2658(20)30263-3. (PubMed: 32972820)

21). Wang R;Huang ZT;Ren WK;Zhang J;Zhang Y;Tan B;Huang P;Cao HY; et al. Isolation and Culture of Primary Neurons and Glia from Adult Rat Urinary Bladder. J Vis Exp 2020 May 23;(159). (PubMed: 32510511)

22). Li ZH et al. miR-29a regulated ER-positive breast cancer cell growth and invasion and is involved in the insulin signaling pathway. Oncotarget 2017 May 16;8(20):32566-32575 (PubMed: 28427228)

23). Wang C et al. Glutamine Enhances the Hypoglycemic Effect of Insulin in L6 Cells via Phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase (PI3K)/Protein Kinase B (AKT)/Glucose Transporter 4 (GLUT4) Signaling Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2018 Mar 1;24:1241-1250 (PubMed: 29491345)

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Verification code

Catalog Number :

AF7011-BP
(Blocking peptide available as AF7011-BP)

Price/Size :

$350/1mg.
Tips: For phospho antibody, we provide phospho peptide（0.5mg) and non-phospho peptide(0.5mg).

Function :

Blocking peptides are peptides that bind specifically to the target antibody and block antibody binding. These peptide usually contains the epitope recognized by the antibody. Antibodies bound to the blocking peptide no longer bind to the epitope on the target protein. This mechanism is useful when non-specific binding is an issue, for example, in Western blotting (immunoblot) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). By comparing the staining from the blocked antibody versus the antibody alone, one can see which staining is specific; Specific binding will be absent from the western blot or immunostaining performed with the neutralized antibody.

Format and storage :

Synthetic peptide was lyophilized with 100% acetonitrile and is supplied as a powder. Reconstitute with 0.1 ml DI water for a final concentration of 10 mg/ml.The purity is >90%,tested by HPLC and MS.Storage Maintain refrigerated at 2-8°C for up to 6 months. For long term storage store at -20°C.

Precautions :

This product is for research use only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.

Pig

50%

Horse

50%

Bovine

50%

Sheep

50%

Dog

50%

Xenopus

50%

Chicken

50%

Rabbit

50%

Zebrafish

High similarity Medium similarity Low similarity No similarity

P07437 as Substrate

P07437

Site	PTM Type	Enzyme	Source
R2	Methylation		Uniprot
C12	S-Nitrosylation		Uniprot
K19	Acetylation		Uniprot
K19	Methylation		Uniprot
K19	Ubiquitination		Uniprot
S25	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
T33	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
T35	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
Y36	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
S40	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
R46	Methylation		Uniprot
S48	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
Y50	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
Y51	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
T55	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
K58	Acetylation		Uniprot
K58	Methylation		Uniprot
K58	Sumoylation		Uniprot
K58	Ubiquitination		Uniprot
Y59	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
T72	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
S75	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
S78	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
S95	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
K103	Acetylation		Uniprot
K103	Sumoylation		Uniprot
K103	Ubiquitination		Uniprot
Y106	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
T107	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
S115	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
K122	Ubiquitination		Uniprot
S126	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
T136	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
S138	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
T143	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
S145	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
T149	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
S153	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
K154	Ubiquitination		Uniprot
Y159	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
R162	Methylation		Uniprot
T166	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
S168	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
S172	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
K174	Ubiquitination		Uniprot
Y183	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
T196	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
T199	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
Y200	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
Y208	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
K216	Ubiquitination		Uniprot
T218	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
T219	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
T221	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
Y222	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
S234	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
C239	S-Nitrosylation		Uniprot
K252	Sumoylation		Uniprot
K252	Ubiquitination		Uniprot
T274	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
S275	Phosphorylation	Q5TCY1 (TTBK1)	Uniprot
R276	Methylation		Uniprot
S278	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
Y281	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
T285	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
T290	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
K297	Ubiquitination		Uniprot
C303	S-Nitrosylation		Uniprot
Y310	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
T312	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
R318	Methylation		Uniprot
S322	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
K324	Acetylation		Uniprot
K324	Sumoylation		Uniprot
K324	Ubiquitination		Uniprot
K336	Acetylation		Uniprot
K336	Ubiquitination		Uniprot
S338	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
S339	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
Y340	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
K350	Sumoylation		Uniprot
K350	Ubiquitination		Uniprot
T351	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
K362	Ubiquitination		Uniprot
T366	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
S371	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
K379	Acetylation		Uniprot
K379	Ubiquitination		Uniprot
S382	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
T386	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
K392	Ubiquitination		Uniprot
T399	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
Y422	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
Y425	Phosphorylation		Uniprot
T429	Phosphorylation		Uniprot

IMPORTANT: For western blots, incubate membrane with diluted antibody in 5% w/v milk , 1X TBS, 0.1% Tween®20 at 4°C with gentle shaking, overnight.

Secondary antibody Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) HRP (S0001) Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) AP (S0003) Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Fluor594-conjugated (S0006) Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) FITC-conjugated (S0008) Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) CY3-conjugated (S0011) Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Fluor647-conjugated (S0013) Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) TRITC-conjugated (S0015) Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Fluor488-conjugated (S0018)

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